From cugambetta at yahoo.com Fri Feb 1 02:05:22 2008
From: cugambetta at yahoo.com (Curt Gambetta)
Date: Thu, 31 Jan 2008 12:35:22 -0800 (PST)
Subject: [Urbanstudy] Fw: REVIEW: Kalia on Sinha _Landscapes in India_
Message-ID: <176379.41575.qm@web56809.mail.re3.yahoo.com>
Book review by Ravi Kalia.
If we could get some (even informal) book reviews on the list in the future, I think it would be productive!
Curt
From: "Sumit Guha, Rutgers U."
To: H-ASIA at H-NET.MSU.EDU
Sent: Monday, January 28, 2008 4:19:01 PM
Subject: REVIEW: Kalia on Sinha _Landscapes in India_
REVIEW:
H-NET
BOOK
REVIEW
Published
by
H-Asia at h-net.msu.edu
(January
2008)
Amita
Sinha.
_Landscapes
in
India:
Forms
and
Meanings_.
Boulder:
University
Press
of
Colorado,
2006.
228
pp.
Index.
$55.00
(cloth),
ISBN
0-87081-815-5.
Reviewed
for
H-Asia
by
Ravi
Kalia,
City
College,
CUNY
Indian
landscapes
are
vibrant,
textured,
and
colorful,
and
encompass
the
imprint
of
many
a
ruler
that
has
invaded
and
controlled
the
subcontinent.
Through
all
the
invasions
of
the
subcontinent,
from
the
Greeks
to
the
Mughals
to
the
English,
Indian
civilization
and
Hindu
religion
have
displayed
remarkable
adaptability,
and
it
is
that
adaptability,
the
ability
to
assimilate,
which
has
allowed
Hinduism
to
flourish.
It
is
therefore
hard
to
understand
that
why
Amita
Sinha
in
her
book
limits
herself.
She
declares
that
she
has
"used
Hindu
and
Buddhist
examples
…
that
have
had
the
greatest
impact"
on
the
Indian
landscape
(p.
15).
At
best,
this
proposition
is
suspect;
at
worst,
it
repudiates
the
diversity
of
other
influences,
even
within
broader
Hindu
tradition.
Her
explanation
for
addressing
her
subject
in
this
arbitrary
manner
is
simple:
according
to
her,
Jainism,
Sikhism,
Islam,
and
Christianity
(albeit
the
British
period)
deserve
separate
book-length
treatments.
Why
then
does
she
call
the
book
_Landscapes
of
India_?
Sinha
evidently
failed
to
notice
that
such
rigid
compartmentalization
of
Indian
landscapes,
like
compartmentalization
of
Indian
history,
has
been
long
debunked.
Hindus
revere
nature;
however,
they
have
rarely
felt
the
need
to
mold
nature
into
a
design
of
their
own.
Banyan
trees
are
never
trimmed
or
cut
down;
instead,
they
are
allowed
to
spread
their
drooping
creepers
into
the
middle
of
any
village
square
or
road.
The
tree
is
revered
for
itself,
personifying
perfection
without
human
interference.
This
Hindu
reverence
for
nature
also
spilled
over
into
architecture,
resulting
in
Hindu
towns,
palaces,
temples,
and
buildings
growing
organically,
with
no
geometric
discipline.
The
Islamic
tradition,
informed
by
the
Greek
passion
for
order
and
logic,
produced
gardens
and
architecture
that
were
guided
by
regimented
lines
in
order
to
achieve
perfect
symmetry.
According
to
Sinha's
scheme,
Indian
society
is
driven
by
religion,
and
Indian
landscapes
are
formulated
by
respective
religious
ideas.
This
suggestion
is
problematic,
to
say
the
least,
because
it
ignores
the
syncretic
influences
of
the
Bhakti
and
Sufi
traditions
that
flourished
on
the
subcontinent.
Having
placed
herself
outside
the
historical
context,
and
having
locked
herself
into
a
compartmentalized
landscape,
Sinha
relies
on
Jungian
archetypes
to
work
her
way
through
the
Indian
(or
Hindu)
landscape.
This
allows
her
to
search
for
"a
common
thread"
that
ties
together
Hindu
"archetypal
symbols"
with
the
works
of
contemporary
architects
like
Charles
Correa,
B.
K.
Doshi,
Raj
Rewal,
and
others
discussed
in
the
latter
part
of
the
book.
This
too
is
problematic
because,
locked
in
the
essentialist
archetype
of
her
own
creation,
Sinha
ignores
the
works
of
the
American
Louis
Kahn,
perhaps
the
most
ardent
follower
of
Jungian
ideas,
who
profoundly
influenced
Doshi
and,
to
a
lesser
extent,
Correa.
Sinha
provides
no
space
for
common
cultural
understandings
that
transcend
religion;
she
pays
no
attention
to
class,
education,
or
economic
factors.
While
Sinha
makes
multiple
references
to
changes
in
urban/rural
India,
she
provides
no
explanation
of
these
changes
or
how
they
have
evolved.
Nonetheless,
Sinha
ably
discusses
rich
Hindu
mythological
and
epic
traditions
of
the
subcontinent.
Divided
into
four
parts--the
introduction,
"Natural
Archetypes,"
"Spatial
Archetypes,"
and
"Archetypes
and
Design"--and
drawing
on
the
works
of
earlier
scholars,
the
book
explores
the
ideas
that
have
sustained
_vaastu
purusha
mandala_,
Indian
temple
architecture,
Hindu
pilgrim
places,
and
so
on.
According
to
Sinha,
natural
formulations
such
as
mountains,
hills,
rivers,
water
tanks,
and
caves
all
have
influenced
the
built
environment:
temples,
shrines,
pilgrim
places.
Sinha
falters
in
her
narrative
when
she
does
not
question
her
sources.
Consequently,
her
narrative
varies
in
quality,
depending
on
what
sources
she
is
consulting.
For
example,
her
discussion
of
Buddhist
stories
and
the
importance
of
the
cosmic
tree
in
Buddhist
landscapes
is
excellent,
but
her
treatment
of
Ayodhya,
the
site
associated
with
the
great
god
Rama,
is
problematic
because
she
uncritically
accepts
nineteenth-century
political
inventions
about
that
city.
Similarly
lacking
in
historical
insight
is
the
debatable
claim
that
the
Rajasthani
city
of
Jaipur
was
planned
in
accordance
with
the
principles
of
_Vaastu
shastras_.
The
Rajput
rulers
themselves
were
transplants
from
Central
Asia,
and
the
sixteenth-century
city
could
not
have
ignored
the
monumentality
of
Islamic
structures.
By
compartmentalizing
her
work,
Sinha
achieves
an
intellectual
isolation
that
hinders
her
investigation.
The
last
section
of
the
book
is
the
strongest.
Here
she
describes
her
work
in,
as
a
practicing
architect
and
member
of
the
Department
of
Architecture
at
the
University
of
Illinois,
Urbana-Champaign,
developing
plans
for
the
conservation
of
sacred
places
in
India
and
exploring
low-cost
housing
for
the
poor
in
Navi
Mumbai.
(Incidentally,
Correa
was
the
main
force
behind
the
new
city,
which
has
developed
as
a
poor
cousin
of
the
old
city,
with
acute
housing
problems,
particularly
for
the
poor.)
While
recognizing
the
contradiction
of
"juxtaposition
of
modernity
and
tradition"
in
urban
India
(p.
3),
Sinha
seeks
to
resolve
this
dilemma
by
deploying
"cosmological
and
cosmogonic
motifs
that
have
consistently
appeared
in
the
history
of
Hindu
sacred
landscape"
(p.
197).
Given
the
multireligious,
multicultural
population
of
India,
this
is
problematic.
She
celebrates
Correa's
work
for
drawing
on
the
traditions
of
each
area
where
he
is
commissioned
to
build.
His
Vidhan
Bhavan
(State
Assembly)
in
Bhopal
(which
won
the
Aga
Khan
Award)
is
inspired
by
a
nearby
Buddhist
stupa;
but
such
pastiche
is
not
new
to
Indian
architecture,
which
continues
to
struggle
between
recovering
the
great
Hindu
tradition
and
inventing
the
brave
and
promising
future.
(Bhopal
was
once
ruled
by
a
Muslim
dynasty
and
has
a
sizable
Muslim
population.)
In
the
1950s,
when
Le
Corbusier
was
ushering
in
modernism
in
the
capital
city
of
Chandigarh,
Julius
Vaz
was
building
the
auditorium
for
the
capital
city
of
Bhubaneswar,
drawing
his
inspiration
from
the
nearby
Buddhist
stupa
at
Dhauli.
The
American
Albert
Mayer's
first
plans
for
Chandigarh
drew
on
Indian
villages
and
bazaars,
whereas
the
Frenchman
Le
Corbusier
promised
in
his
plans
a
design
for
India's
industrial
future.
In
the
end,
Prime
Minister
Nehru
opted
for
Le
Corbusier's
vision.
That
debate
between
historicism
and
modernity
remains
unresolved
in
Indian
architectural/planning
circles.
As
India
industrializes,
and
as
the
middle
class
expands,
the
demand
for
resources,
both
indigenous
and
imported,
will
increase,
putting
even
greater
pressure
on
the
environment
that
is
already
showing
signs
of
fatigue.
It
remains
to
be
seen
whether
the
new
urban
environment
created
from
the
"natural
world"
that
Sinha
calls
for
will
materialize;
but
she
ought
to
be
lauded
for
drawing
attention
to
an
important
issue
facing
Indian
architecture
and
urbanism.
Copyright
(c)
2007
by
H-Net,
all
rights
reserved.
H-Net
permits
the
redistribution
and
reprinting
of
this
work
for
nonprofit,
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with
full
and
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attribution
to
the
author,
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location,
date
of
publication,
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list,
and
H-Net:
Humanities
&
Social
Sciences
Online.
For
other
uses
contact
the
Reviews
editorial
staff:
hbooks at mail.h-net.msu.edu
____________________________________________________________________________________
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----- Forwarded Message ----
From cugambetta at yahoo.com Fri Feb 1 02:13:04 2008
From: cugambetta at yahoo.com (Curt Gambetta)
Date: Thu, 31 Jan 2008 12:43:04 -0800 (PST)
Subject: [Urbanstudy] cities/citizenship symposium at berkeley
Message-ID: <927573.33569.qm@web56812.mail.re3.yahoo.com>
http://ced.berkeley.edu/symposia/southasia/symposiumprogram.htm
I came across this, and thought you all might be interested to see the papers presented at this recent symposium.
Curt
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From elkamath at yahoo.com Fri Feb 1 09:24:35 2008
From: elkamath at yahoo.com (lalitha kamath)
Date: Thu, 31 Jan 2008 19:54:35 -0800 (PST)
Subject: [Urbanstudy] Fw: REMINDER: Migrant/Media/Metropolis: New Labour
Struggles in the global city
Message-ID: <580774.22799.qm@web53608.mail.re2.yahoo.com>
FYI
> Migrant / Media / Metropolis
> New labour struggles in the global city
> Saturday February 2nd, Amsterdam (Program Below)
>
> Migration and media-activists gather with theorists and labour
> organizers to discuss and share best practices in the fight against
> precarity and insecure labour conditions. Sharing inspiring examples of
> social justice unionism and creative campaigning like "Justice for
> Janitors" in the U.S. and "Cleaners For a Better Future" in the
> Netherlands. The aim is to challenge traditional labour practices,
> syndicate and inspire a sharper network of social activists, academics,
> media makers and artists to join contemporary urban labour struggles and
> confederate into a globalization from below.
>
> With: Enrica Rigo (migration researcher); Marcel van der Linden (Labour
> Historian) Zoe Romano (Chainworkers); Nico Sguiglia (Oficinas Sociales),
> Massimo De Angelis (the Commoner), Dagmar Diesner (No Borders London),
> Seoren Kohler (Multitude), Hagen Kopp (migration activist), preceded by
> the book launch of Urban Politics Now! (NAi, 2007).
>
> Date | Saturday February 2
>
> Time | 13.00 - 18.30 hrs.
>
> Language | English
>
> Live webcast | www.debalie.nl/live
>
> Organised in collaboration with Flexmens / Coalition For a Better Future /
> FNV Bongenoten
>
> ==========
>
> Programme:
>
> 13:00-13:45 preprogramme – book launch: Urban Politics Now! Reimagining
> democracy in the Neoliberal City. With participation from BAVO, Henk van
> Houtum en Merijn Oudenampsen.
>
> 14:00 – 15:30 Start main programme
>
> panel #1 "Towards a Globalisation from Below"
> Facilator: Valery Alzaga (Justice for Janitors – Global Campaign)
>
> -Massimo De Angelis, Beginning of History: global capital, global value
> struggle
> -Enrica Rigo, Contested Migrant Citizenship in Europe
> -Marcel van der Linden, Organizing and New Labour Internationalism
> -Hagen Kopp, Forging a Transnational chain of migration-activism
>
> Globalization has brought us an increasingly integrated global circuit
> of large corporations and financial conglomerates, which have
> concentrated power in fewer and fewer hands. On the other side, we can
> find an emerging globalization from below, that of migrants, labour
> struggles and social activists, claiming space and redistributing wealth.
>
> 15:30-16:00 Break with possibility of sandwich and conspiring.
>
> 16:00- 17:15
> panel #2 "Syndicalism 2.0"
>
> -Dutch Cleaners Campaign (Juliano Vieira & Herrie Hoogenboom,organizer FNV
> Bongenoten)
> -Migrant labour struggles in South Spain (Nico Scuglia, Indymedia
> Estrecho)
> -Filipino Migrant Domestic Workers Union (Fe Jusay - CFMW & Katrien
> Depuydt - Abvakabo)
> -German Retail Strike (Franziska Bruder, Verdi)
>
> Examples of campaigns that have brought inspiration and innovation back
> to labour, revolving around organizing and social movement unionism,
> building community, going back to the base and out of the office.
>
> 17:15-18:30
> panel #3 "No Longer Invisible: Labour & Media"
> -Zoe Romano (Chainworkers Milano), interventions of a bio syndicate
> -Merijn Oudenampsen (Betere Toekomst), Mediawork in Dutch Cleaners
> Campaign
> -Soeren Kohler (Multitude e.V) : Media-activism and worker participation
> at German Retail strike
> -Dagmar Diesner (NoBorders London), Screening Underground Londoners
>
> Media-activism has provided a vital ingredient to new campaigns, to
> visibilize what normally remains hidden from view. Media-activists
> showcase their work, and discuss issues of participation and
> representation.
>
Cross-posted frm DEBATE list
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From prem.cnt at gmail.com Sat Feb 2 18:55:15 2008
From: prem.cnt at gmail.com (Prem Chandavarkar)
Date: Sat, 2 Feb 2008 18:55:15 +0530
Subject: [Urbanstudy] Of Roads and Widening Perspectives
In-Reply-To: <416067.58511.qm@web36105.mail.mud.yahoo.com>
References: <416067.58511.qm@web36105.mail.mud.yahoo.com>
Message-ID: <7e230b560802020525x1cbf71dfs730fbc1e3e8b894c@mail.gmail.com>
On 29/01/2008, Zainab Bawa wrote:
>
>
> If the city is experience, isn't experience the city? What produces this
> experience? Whose experience is valid? Whose experience is legitimate? Are
> there invalid and illegitimate experiences? Now with that horratta about 85
> roads to be widened, does the experience change? Whose experience changes?
> Who changes experience? What was experienced before, what is experienced
> now, what will be experienced down the line?
"To put it polemically, there is no such *thing* as a city. Rather *the
city* designates the space produced by the interaction of historically and
geographically specific institutions, social relations of production and
reproduction, practices of government, forms and media of communication, and
so forth. By calling this diversity 'the city', we ascribe to it a
coherence or integrity. *The city*, then, is above all a representation. But
what sort of representation? By analogy with the now familiar idea that the
nation provides us with an 'imagined community', I would argue that the city
constitutes an *imagined* *environment*. What is involved in that imagining
– the discourses, symbols, metaphors and fantasies through which we ascribe
meaning to the modern experience of urban living – is as important a topic
for the social sciences as the material determinants of the physical
environment."
James Donald, "Metropolis: The City as Text", in R. Bocock and K. Thompson
(eds.), *Social and Cultural Forms of Modernity* (Polity Press, Cambridge,
1992), pp. 417-61, p.427.
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From conlon at u.washington.edu Sat Feb 2 20:43:30 2008
From: conlon at u.washington.edu (Frank Conlon)
Date: Sat, 2 Feb 2008 07:13:30 -0800 (PST)
Subject: [Urbanstudy] Of Roads and Widening Perspectives
In-Reply-To: <7e230b560802020525x1cbf71dfs730fbc1e3e8b894c@mail.gmail.com>
References: <416067.58511.qm@web36105.mail.mud.yahoo.com>
<7e230b560802020525x1cbf71dfs730fbc1e3e8b894c@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID:
Is James Donald a Buddhist? His analysis of what might be called "the
city that isn't" sounds like a derivative of the famous Buddhist story the
Milindapanha or Questions of Menander in which the Venerable Nagasena
demonstrates to the Hellinized ruler the contingent and constructed nature
of our personhood.
I have appreciated Zainab Bawa's thoughts on living in a city--her
perceptions may be invalid from the Donald perspective, but I recall
Finley Peter Dunne's Mr. Dooley--a fictional Irish tavern keeper in
Chicago--when speaking to his friend and customer Hennesey, observing of
"History"--"Hinnisey, I dont care to know what people died of; I want to
know what they lived of."
Carry on Zainab.
cheers (from the presently still convenient assemblage of atoms, water,
actions and memories)
Frank
Frank F. Conlon
Professor Emeritus of History, South Asian
Studies & Comparative Religion
University of Washington
Seattle, WA 98195-3560 USA
Co-editor, H-ASIA
President, H-NET Humanities & Social Sciences Online
Managing Director, Bibliography of Asian Studies Online
On Sat, 2 Feb 2008, Prem Chandavarkar wrote:
> On 29/01/2008, Zainab Bawa wrote:
>>
>>
>> If the city is experience, isn't experience the city? What produces this
>> experience? Whose experience is valid? Whose experience is legitimate? Are
>> there invalid and illegitimate experiences? Now with that horratta about 85
>> roads to be widened, does the experience change? Whose experience changes?
>> Who changes experience? What was experienced before, what is experienced
>> now, what will be experienced down the line?
>
>
>
> "To put it polemically, there is no such *thing* as a city. Rather *the
> city* designates the space produced by the interaction of historically and
> geographically specific institutions, social relations of production and
> reproduction, practices of government, forms and media of communication, and
> so forth. By calling this diversity 'the city', we ascribe to it a
> coherence or integrity. *The city*, then, is above all a representation. But
> what sort of representation? By analogy with the now familiar idea that the
> nation provides us with an 'imagined community', I would argue that the city
> constitutes an *imagined* *environment*. What is involved in that imagining
> – the discourses, symbols, metaphors and fantasies through which we ascribe
> meaning to the modern experience of urban living – is as important a topic
> for the social sciences as the material determinants of the physical
> environment."
>
> James Donald, "Metropolis: The City as Text", in R. Bocock and K. Thompson
> (eds.), *Social and Cultural Forms of Modernity* (Polity Press, Cambridge,
> 1992), pp. 417-61, p.427.
>
From sollybenj at yahoo.co.in Sat Feb 2 21:01:45 2008
From: sollybenj at yahoo.co.in (solomon benjamin)
Date: Sat, 2 Feb 2008 15:31:45 +0000 (GMT)
Subject: [Urbanstudy] Of Roads and Widening Perspectives
In-Reply-To:
Message-ID: <888929.66237.qm@web8905.mail.in.yahoo.com>
This is a useful conceptual string, thanks Zainab,
Prem and Frank. ..
I think the 'Buddhist' idea is an interesting
metaphor, and in the Donald's rather meta narrative
take reminded me of Doreen Massey's critique of
Harvey et.al (her book 'For Space', and on
'Locality... in the journal progress and planning). In
those accounts she sees a problem with the city and
space being subject to a larger historical process and
of a larger structure. Thus, while the city might be
an 'imaginary' the issue may be of whose imaginary and
where do these get constituted from. The other issue
is if the 'imaginary' and the material get set up into
a binary that values one over the other rather than
see the 'space' via its day to day engagement..(as
reflected in Zainab's text)... perhaps its in these
day to day experiences we would see forms of
subversions of the mega imaginary, not just an
'encroachment' as Bayat in his very useful work on
street politics, that is dependent on 'social
movements' but rather when day to day practices (both
imaginary and material) form the mainstream itself...
(much to the dismay of the progressive activist who
loose out a constituency to 'organize' and educate)
Cheers
Solly
--- Frank Conlon wrote:
> Is James Donald a Buddhist? His analysis of what
> might be called "the
> city that isn't" sounds like a derivative of the
> famous Buddhist story the
> Milindapanha or Questions of Menander in which the
> Venerable Nagasena
> demonstrates to the Hellinized ruler the contingent
> and constructed nature
> of our personhood.
>
> I have appreciated Zainab Bawa's thoughts on living
> in a city--her
> perceptions may be invalid from the Donald
> perspective, but I recall
> Finley Peter Dunne's Mr. Dooley--a fictional Irish
> tavern keeper in
> Chicago--when speaking to his friend and customer
> Hennesey, observing of
> "History"--"Hinnisey, I dont care to know what
> people died of; I want to
> know what they lived of."
>
> Carry on Zainab.
>
> cheers (from the presently still convenient
> assemblage of atoms, water,
> actions and memories)
>
> Frank
>
> Frank F. Conlon
> Professor Emeritus of History, South Asian
> Studies & Comparative Religion
> University of Washington
> Seattle, WA 98195-3560 USA
> Co-editor, H-ASIA
> President, H-NET Humanities & Social Sciences Online
> Managing Director, Bibliography of Asian Studies
> Online
>
> On Sat, 2 Feb 2008, Prem Chandavarkar wrote:
>
> > On 29/01/2008, Zainab Bawa
> wrote:
> >>
> >>
> >> If the city is experience, isn't experience the
> city? What produces this
> >> experience? Whose experience is valid? Whose
> experience is legitimate? Are
> >> there invalid and illegitimate experiences? Now
> with that horratta about 85
> >> roads to be widened, does the experience change?
> Whose experience changes?
> >> Who changes experience? What was experienced
> before, what is experienced
> >> now, what will be experienced down the line?
> >
> >
> >
> > "To put it polemically, there is no such *thing*
> as a city. Rather *the
> > city* designates the space produced by the
> interaction of historically and
> > geographically specific institutions, social
> relations of production and
> > reproduction, practices of government, forms and
> media of communication, and
> > so forth. By calling this diversity 'the city',
> we ascribe to it a
> > coherence or integrity. *The city*, then, is
> above all a representation. But
> > what sort of representation? By analogy with the
> now familiar idea that the
> > nation provides us with an 'imagined community', I
> would argue that the city
> > constitutes an *imagined* *environment*. What is
> involved in that imagining
> > the discourses, symbols, metaphors and fantasies
> through which we ascribe
> > meaning to the modern experience of urban living
> is as important a topic
> > for the social sciences as the material
> determinants of the physical
> > environment."
> >
> > James Donald, "Metropolis: The City as Text", in
> R. Bocock and K. Thompson
> > (eds.), *Social and Cultural Forms of Modernity*
> (Polity Press, Cambridge,
> > 1992), pp. 417-61, p.427.
> >> _______________________________________________
> Urbanstudygroup mailing list
> Urban Study Group: Reading the South Asian City
>
> To subscribe or browse the Urban Study Group
> archives, please visit
>
https://mail.sarai.net/mailman/listinfo/urbanstudygroup
>
Asst. Prof Solomon Benjamin
Room 3035, Dept of Political Science, Sidney Smith Building,
University of Toronto 100 St George Street
Toronto M5 S 3G3
Ph: (416) 978 3344 Cell: 647 - 291 - 5910
Bring your gang together - do your thing. Go to http://in.promos.yahoo.com/groups
From sharma_mail at yahoo.com Sat Feb 2 19:16:46 2008
From: sharma_mail at yahoo.com (manish sharma)
Date: Sat, 2 Feb 2008 05:46:46 -0800 (PST)
Subject: [Urbanstudy] IKEA city_idea
Message-ID: <82058.22508.qm@web51403.mail.re2.yahoo.com>
my first posting
'IKEA city'_idea
attached with this mail
would love comments
manish sharma
photos http://www.flickr.com/photos/futureisinbeta/ contact +65 93397934 (handphone/ mobile) +65 63007904 (resi.)
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From bawazainab79 at gmail.com Sun Feb 3 00:16:02 2008
From: bawazainab79 at gmail.com (Zainab Bawa)
Date: Sun, 3 Feb 2008 00:16:02 +0530
Subject: [Urbanstudy] Of Roads and Widening Perspectives
In-Reply-To: <888929.66237.qm@web8905.mail.in.yahoo.com>
References:
<888929.66237.qm@web8905.mail.in.yahoo.com>
Message-ID:
Dear Prem, Frank and Solly (in that order),
Thanks for the comments and the discussion. I will also disagree with James
Donald and the textual analysis of the city. On reflecting back on the
posting, I recognize that the experience is constituted on and through a
material terrain that is also the city. This material terrain becomes
critical because it is on this material grounds that experiences are
developed (and the experiences in turn shape the material terrain). Claims
are made on the material terrain of the city and contests and politics are
located around the material terrain. But as Solly pointed out, this is not
moving towards a material/experience binary because both are implicated in
each other. Again, materiality must not be read as mundane and economistic.
Harvey's work tends to reduce materiality to economism whereas I would guess
(and I don't know if other scholars have posited this) that the material is
constituted of and produced through practices, affect and politics (among
others). Therefore I threw the question that if the city is experience, then
whose experiences are valid, legitimate and are there invalid and
illegitimate experiences because I alluding to the material grounds of the
city which seems to have become the turf for contests and conflicts.
To make the distinction between the city and the urban, Lefebvre suggests
that the city is the practico-material base while the urban is constituted
through social relations. But I understand that Lefebvre made this
distinction to draw our attention to questions of scale and levels. I guess
he also suggested this in order to hint towards a way of doing research and
understanding the city.
Seems to be getting messy, but anyway, my tuppence to the discussion. Thanks
again for taking this forward.
Cheers,
Zainab
On Feb 2, 2008 9:01 PM, solomon benjamin wrote:
> This is a useful conceptual string, thanks Zainab,
> Prem and Frank. ..
> I think the 'Buddhist' idea is an interesting
> metaphor, and in the Donald's rather meta narrative
> take reminded me of Doreen Massey's critique of
> Harvey et.al (her book 'For Space', and on
> 'Locality... in the journal progress and planning). In
> those accounts she sees a problem with the city and
> space being subject to a larger historical process and
> of a larger structure. Thus, while the city might be
> an 'imaginary' the issue may be of whose imaginary and
> where do these get constituted from. The other issue
> is if the 'imaginary' and the material get set up into
> a binary that values one over the other rather than
> see the 'space' via its day to day engagement..(as
> reflected in Zainab's text)... perhaps its in these
> day to day experiences we would see forms of
> subversions of the mega imaginary, not just an
> 'encroachment' as Bayat in his very useful work on
> street politics, that is dependent on 'social
> movements' but rather when day to day practices (both
> imaginary and material) form the mainstream itself...
> (much to the dismay of the progressive activist who
> loose out a constituency to 'organize' and educate)
> Cheers
> Solly
>
>
>
> --- Frank Conlon wrote:
>
> > Is James Donald a Buddhist? His analysis of what
> > might be called "the
> > city that isn't" sounds like a derivative of the
> > famous Buddhist story the
> > Milindapanha or Questions of Menander in which the
> > Venerable Nagasena
> > demonstrates to the Hellinized ruler the contingent
> > and constructed nature
> > of our personhood.
> >
> > I have appreciated Zainab Bawa's thoughts on living
> > in a city--her
> > perceptions may be invalid from the Donald
> > perspective, but I recall
> > Finley Peter Dunne's Mr. Dooley--a fictional Irish
> > tavern keeper in
> > Chicago--when speaking to his friend and customer
> > Hennesey, observing of
> > "History"--"Hinnisey, I dont care to know what
> > people died of; I want to
> > know what they lived of."
> >
> > Carry on Zainab.
> >
> > cheers (from the presently still convenient
> > assemblage of atoms, water,
> > actions and memories)
> >
> > Frank
> >
> > Frank F. Conlon
> > Professor Emeritus of History, South Asian
> > Studies & Comparative Religion
> > University of Washington
> > Seattle, WA 98195-3560 USA
> > Co-editor, H-ASIA
> > President, H-NET Humanities & Social Sciences Online
> > Managing Director, Bibliography of Asian Studies
> > Online
> >
> > On Sat, 2 Feb 2008, Prem Chandavarkar wrote:
> >
> > > On 29/01/2008, Zainab Bawa
> > wrote:
> > >>
> > >>
> > >> If the city is experience, isn't experience the
> > city? What produces this
> > >> experience? Whose experience is valid? Whose
> > experience is legitimate? Are
> > >> there invalid and illegitimate experiences? Now
> > with that horratta about 85
> > >> roads to be widened, does the experience change?
> > Whose experience changes?
> > >> Who changes experience? What was experienced
> > before, what is experienced
> > >> now, what will be experienced down the line?
> > >
> > >
> > >
> > > "To put it polemically, there is no such *thing*
> > as a city. Rather *the
> > > city* designates the space produced by the
> > interaction of historically and
> > > geographically specific institutions, social
> > relations of production and
> > > reproduction, practices of government, forms and
> > media of communication, and
> > > so forth. By calling this diversity 'the city',
> > we ascribe to it a
> > > coherence or integrity. *The city*, then, is
> > above all a representation. But
> > > what sort of representation? By analogy with the
> > now familiar idea that the
> > > nation provides us with an 'imagined community', I
> > would argue that the city
> > > constitutes an *imagined* *environment*. What is
> > involved in that imagining
> > > – the discourses, symbols, metaphors and fantasies
> > through which we ascribe
> > > meaning to the modern experience of urban living –
> > is as important a topic
> > > for the social sciences as the material
> > determinants of the physical
> > > environment."
> > >
> > > James Donald, "Metropolis: The City as Text", in
> > R. Bocock and K. Thompson
> > > (eds.), *Social and Cultural Forms of Modernity*
> > (Polity Press, Cambridge,
> > > 1992), pp. 417-61, p.427.
> > >> _______________________________________________
> > Urbanstudygroup mailing list
> > Urban Study Group: Reading the South Asian City
> >
> > To subscribe or browse the Urban Study Group
> > archives, please visit
> >
> https://mail.sarai.net/mailman/listinfo/urbanstudygroup
> >
>
>
> Asst. Prof Solomon Benjamin
> Room 3035, Dept of Political Science, Sidney Smith Building,
> University of Toronto 100 St George Street
> Toronto M5 S 3G3
> Ph: (416) 978 3344 Cell: 647 - 291 - 5910
>
>
>
>
> Bring your gang together - do your thing. Go to
> http://in.promos.yahoo.com/groups
> _______________________________________________
> Urbanstudygroup mailing list
> Urban Study Group: Reading the South Asian City
>
> To subscribe or browse the Urban Study Group archives, please visit
> https://mail.sarai.net/mailman/listinfo/urbanstudygroup
>
--
Zainab Bawa
Ph.D. Student and Independent Researcher
Between Places ...
http://wbfs.wordpress.com
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From rajeevy at gmail.com Sun Feb 3 01:47:51 2008
From: rajeevy at gmail.com (Rajeev Yerneni)
Date: Sat, 2 Feb 2008 15:17:51 -0500
Subject: [Urbanstudy] IKEA city_idea
In-Reply-To: <82058.22508.qm@web51403.mail.re2.yahoo.com>
References: <82058.22508.qm@web51403.mail.re2.yahoo.com>
Message-ID: <74276e6f0802021217w65282cf6qafcf0e854058e6b3@mail.gmail.com>
Just something to add to your idea, as cities change (or face change) there
also seems to be a movement to embrace the old, be it brownstones in NYC or
old neighborhoods in Shanghai. Somehow the 'antique' needs to be mixed in
with the 'IKEA' concept so that it does not just become a specification, an
interchangeable part in a homogeneous system.
Rajeev Yerneni
On Feb 2, 2008 8:46 AM, manish sharma wrote:
> my first posting
>
> 'IKEA city'_idea
> attached with this mail
>
> would love comments
>
>
>
> manish sharma
> *photos* http://www.flickr.com/photos/futureisinbeta/ *contact* +65
> 93397934 (handphone/ mobile) +65 63007904 (resi.)
>
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> Urbanstudygroup mailing list
> Urban Study Group: Reading the South Asian City
>
> To subscribe or browse the Urban Study Group archives, please visit
> https://mail.sarai.net/mailman/listinfo/urbanstudygroup
>
>
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From debsinha at gmail.com Sun Feb 3 03:16:12 2008
From: debsinha at gmail.com (Deb Ranjan Sinha (Gmail))
Date: Sat, 2 Feb 2008 16:46:12 -0500
Subject: [Urbanstudy] Of Roads and Widening Perspectives
References: <888929.66237.qm@web8905.mail.in.yahoo.com>
Message-ID: <01b201c865e5$0a5025c0$0200000a@PAGOL>
hi all,
my understanding of the urban literature is limited to say the least, but i feel
that what harvey and others (including lefebvre and massey) have tried hard to
incorporate in their work is a way of working out the non-material through their
expression in the material world....now i agree there are different degrees to
which they have succeeded in doing that and their ideas may not agree with those
who conceptualise a space/place outside the material world....but the
post-structural literature in rich in examples of people trying to understand
how spaces are destroyed, co-opted, created, etc....
harvey's 'justice, nature and the geography of difference' and marshall berman's
'all that is solid melts into air' are two of my favourite books...
regards,
deb.
From sharma_mail at yahoo.com Sun Feb 3 12:09:10 2008
From: sharma_mail at yahoo.com (manish sharma)
Date: Sat, 2 Feb 2008 22:39:10 -0800 (PST)
Subject: [Urbanstudy] IKEA city_idea
Message-ID: <889453.15010.qm@web51408.mail.re2.yahoo.com>
would work on it a bit more
perhaps i try and make a city out of it. let see what it looks like in real
manish sharma
photos http://www.flickr.com/photos/futureisinbeta/ contact +65 93397934 (handphone/ mobile) +65 63007904 (resi.)
----- Original Message ----
From: Rajeev Yerneni
To: manish sharma
Cc: urbanstudygroup at sarai.net
Sent: Sunday, 3 February, 2008 4:17:51 AM
Subject: Re: [Urbanstudy] IKEA city_idea
Just something to add to your idea, as cities change (or face change) there also seems to be a movement to embrace the old, be it brownstones in NYC or old neighborhoods in Shanghai. Somehow the 'antique' needs to be mixed in with the 'IKEA' concept so that it does not just become a specification, an interchangeable part in a homogeneous system.
Rajeev Yerneni
On Feb 2, 2008 8:46 AM, manish sharma wrote:
my first posting
'IKEA city'_idea
attached with this mail
would love comments
manish sharma
photos http://www.flickr.com/photos/futureisinbeta/ contact +65 93397934 (handphone/ mobile) +65 63007904 (resi.)
_______________________________________________
Urbanstudygroup mailing list
Urban Study Group: Reading the South Asian City
To subscribe or browse the Urban Study Group archives, please visit https://mail.sarai.net/mailman/listinfo/urbanstudygroup
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From renu_d at berkeley.edu Tue Feb 5 10:54:05 2008
From: renu_d at berkeley.edu (renu_d at berkeley.edu)
Date: Mon, 4 Feb 2008 21:24:05 -0800 (PST)
Subject: [Urbanstudy] Research Opportunity/Job re: Urban Local Governance
Message-ID: <49885.67.116.241.209.1202189045.squirrel@calmail.berkeley.edu>
Hello all,
Navdeep Mathur, a professor with the Public Systems Group at the Indian
Institute of Management, Ahmedabad, sent me the following information that
might be of interest to people on this group. He wrote:
"We're starting a two year project looking at the impact of neoliberal
discourse on urban local governance spaces. Would you know anyone working
in this area who might like a research opportunity/job for 2 years
stationed at IIM?"
Attached is the ad for this research opportunity/job.
Best,
Renu Desai
PhD Candidate
Department of Architecture
University of California, Berkeley
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From anilaemmanuel at gmail.com Tue Feb 5 11:38:13 2008
From: anilaemmanuel at gmail.com (anila emmanuel)
Date: Tue, 5 Feb 2008 11:38:13 +0530
Subject: [Urbanstudy] save the yamuna
Message-ID: <59ead66c0802042208p30ebc135u9a98d6f4f76f3441@mail.gmail.com>
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From prem.cnt at gmail.com Wed Feb 6 19:33:58 2008
From: prem.cnt at gmail.com (Prem Chandavarkar)
Date: Wed, 6 Feb 2008 19:33:58 +0530
Subject: [Urbanstudy] Of Roads and Widening Perspectives
In-Reply-To:
References:
<888929.66237.qm@web8905.mail.in.yahoo.com>
Message-ID: <7e230b560802060603j2fbf3b1bvb330e286b7d9bd4@mail.gmail.com>
Dear Zainab,
I threw in that James Donald quote to argue that that the coherence of the
city is constituted by our imagination and not to argue that it is primarily
textual. One cannot deny the materiality of the city - particularly how its
materiality is constituted in a way that excludes many. For example the
parceling of land by the land use plan, which sets up a subsequent pricing
of land values and rentals that make the city (in the Indian context)
unaffordable to significant segments of the population. This forces them to
use the gaps in the system, and locate on parcels of land through forms of
tenure that do not have official sanction. Their so called 'criminality of
squatting' is forced on them by the system; it is not a choice. They
survive through the poor enforcement of the system; if we started enforcing
master plans more effectively upon the current socio-economic order, we
would have a disaster.
There has been some discussion on fighting for housing as a fundamental
constitutional right. I have been wondering if it would be more useful to
broaden this discussion around the question of citizenship. While we have a
well recognised concept of political citizenship that revolves around the
issue of voting rights, should we also recognise that citizenship is
incomplete unless it is also spatial. One should have a process by which
one can officially locate oneself on the official maps of the political
territory - and if the process by which the maps is develop results in
exclusion of people, then the process needs redefinition as it is violative
of fundamental citizenship rights.
Ultimately the question becomes political. Solly has already cited Doreen
Massey - and it would be useful to cite her in more detail, particular the
relationship she draws between space and time. She demonstrates that when
there is a failure to see this relationship as continuous and dynamic, it
results in distortions of political power. Massey identifies three typical
distortions:
1. Space and time are delinked. The example she gives is the army of
Hernan Cortes poised to invade the Aztec city Tenochtitlan. To Cortes and
his army, the city spaces he sees in front of him are devoid of any
relationship with time. They are seen as empty of history, and therefore
reduced to mere phenomena on a surface; therefore subject to appropriation.
While this was the primary outlook of colonialism, it is still present in
the power equations of many parts of the world (Iraq, Afghanistan,
Palestine, etc.).
2. Spaces are differentiated only in terms of time. This is the
current rhetoric of globalisation which argues for a uniform economic order
through WTO, GATT, GATS, etc. When it is argued that Mali, Mozambique or
Nicaragua are perhaps different and may need a different order, the response
is that they are merely behind in time and given an opportunity will be able
to catch up.
3. The relationship between space and time is seen as stable and
fixed. This drives conservative and fundamentalist claims to a pure
cultural order that must be preserved.
Massey argues for a dynamic relationship of space and time through which we
see space as:
a. The product of interrelations
b. The space for multiplicities
c. Never closed, always open, and continuously constructed.
All this brings us back to the political. The dominant discourse will
always assume that there is such a thing as "the public interest", and this
thing is easily definable if we turn our attention to it. It does not pause
to consider that what is actually happening are competing private claims to
define the public interest. What kind of system do we need to develop so
that this competition is foregrounded and transparent, rather than the
current status of background and opaque.
As an architect, my interest is from the viewpoint of urban planning, and I
wonder how we should define the discipline. Should we say it is primarily
the definition of a proper spatial order to which a population should adjust
itself, or should we seek to make it a process by which a population
negotiates its spatial order in an inclusive manner. It is probably not a
black and white either/or choice. But conventional practice only considers
the former question, and we have not devoted enough conceptual rigour and
analysis to the latter.
Regards,
Prem
On 03/02/2008, Zainab Bawa wrote:
>
> Dear Prem, Frank and Solly (in that order),
>
> Thanks for the comments and the discussion. I will also disagree with
> James Donald and the textual analysis of the city. On reflecting back on the
> posting, I recognize that the experience is constituted on and through a
> material terrain that is also the city. This material terrain becomes
> critical because it is on this material grounds that experiences are
> developed (and the experiences in turn shape the material terrain). Claims
> are made on the material terrain of the city and contests and politics are
> located around the material terrain. But as Solly pointed out, this is not
> moving towards a material/experience binary because both are implicated in
> each other. Again, materiality must not be read as mundane and economistic.
> Harvey's work tends to reduce materiality to economism whereas I would guess
> (and I don't know if other scholars have posited this) that the material is
> constituted of and produced through practices, affect and politics (among
> others). Therefore I threw the question that if the city is experience, then
> whose experiences are valid, legitimate and are there invalid and
> illegitimate experiences because I alluding to the material grounds of the
> city which seems to have become the turf for contests and conflicts.
>
> To make the distinction between the city and the urban, Lefebvre suggests
> that the city is the practico-material base while the urban is constituted
> through social relations. But I understand that Lefebvre made this
> distinction to draw our attention to questions of scale and levels. I guess
> he also suggested this in order to hint towards a way of doing research and
> understanding the city.
>
> Seems to be getting messy, but anyway, my tuppence to the discussion.
> Thanks again for taking this forward.
>
> Cheers,
>
> Zainab
>
> On Feb 2, 2008 9:01 PM, solomon benjamin wrote:
>
> > This is a useful conceptual string, thanks Zainab,
> > Prem and Frank. ..
> > I think the 'Buddhist' idea is an interesting
> > metaphor, and in the Donald's rather meta narrative
> > take reminded me of Doreen Massey's critique of
> > Harvey et.al (her book 'For Space', and on
> > 'Locality... in the journal progress and planning). In
> > those accounts she sees a problem with the city and
> > space being subject to a larger historical process and
> > of a larger structure. Thus, while the city might be
> > an 'imaginary' the issue may be of whose imaginary and
> > where do these get constituted from. The other issue
> > is if the 'imaginary' and the material get set up into
> > a binary that values one over the other rather than
> > see the 'space' via its day to day engagement..(as
> > reflected in Zainab's text)... perhaps its in these
> > day to day experiences we would see forms of
> > subversions of the mega imaginary, not just an
> > 'encroachment' as Bayat in his very useful work on
> > street politics, that is dependent on 'social
> > movements' but rather when day to day practices (both
> > imaginary and material) form the mainstream itself...
> > (much to the dismay of the progressive activist who
> > loose out a constituency to 'organize' and educate)
> > Cheers
> > Solly
> >
> >
> >
> > --- Frank Conlon wrote:
> >
> > > Is James Donald a Buddhist? His analysis of what
> > > might be called "the
> > > city that isn't" sounds like a derivative of the
> > > famous Buddhist story the
> > > Milindapanha or Questions of Menander in which the
> > > Venerable Nagasena
> > > demonstrates to the Hellinized ruler the contingent
> > > and constructed nature
> > > of our personhood.
> > >
> > > I have appreciated Zainab Bawa's thoughts on living
> > > in a city--her
> > > perceptions may be invalid from the Donald
> > > perspective, but I recall
> > > Finley Peter Dunne's Mr. Dooley--a fictional Irish
> > > tavern keeper in
> > > Chicago--when speaking to his friend and customer
> > > Hennesey, observing of
> > > "History"--"Hinnisey, I dont care to know what
> > > people died of; I want to
> > > know what they lived of."
> > >
> > > Carry on Zainab.
> > >
> > > cheers (from the presently still convenient
> > > assemblage of atoms, water,
> > > actions and memories)
> > >
> > > Frank
> > >
> > > Frank F. Conlon
> > > Professor Emeritus of History, South Asian
> > > Studies & Comparative Religion
> > > University of Washington
> > > Seattle, WA 98195-3560 USA
> > > Co-editor, H-ASIA
> > > President, H-NET Humanities & Social Sciences Online
> > > Managing Director, Bibliography of Asian Studies
> > > Online
> > >
> > > On Sat, 2 Feb 2008, Prem Chandavarkar wrote:
> > >
> > > > On 29/01/2008, Zainab Bawa
> > > wrote:
> > > >>
> > > >>
> > > >> If the city is experience, isn't experience the
> > > city? What produces this
> > > >> experience? Whose experience is valid? Whose
> > > experience is legitimate? Are
> > > >> there invalid and illegitimate experiences? Now
> > > with that horratta about 85
> > > >> roads to be widened, does the experience change?
> > > Whose experience changes?
> > > >> Who changes experience? What was experienced
> > > before, what is experienced
> > > >> now, what will be experienced down the line?
> > > >
> > > >
> > > >
> > > > "To put it polemically, there is no such *thing*
> > > as a city. Rather *the
> > > > city* designates the space produced by the
> > > interaction of historically and
> > > > geographically specific institutions, social
> > > relations of production and
> > > > reproduction, practices of government, forms and
> > > media of communication, and
> > > > so forth. By calling this diversity 'the city',
> > > we ascribe to it a
> > > > coherence or integrity. *The city*, then, is
> > > above all a representation. But
> > > > what sort of representation? By analogy with the
> > > now familiar idea that the
> > > > nation provides us with an 'imagined community', I
> > > would argue that the city
> > > > constitutes an *imagined* *environment*. What is
> > > involved in that imagining
> > > > – the discourses, symbols, metaphors and fantasies
> > > through which we ascribe
> > > > meaning to the modern experience of urban living –
> > > is as important a topic
> > > > for the social sciences as the material
> > > determinants of the physical
> > > > environment."
> > > >
> > > > James Donald, "Metropolis: The City as Text", in
> > > R. Bocock and K. Thompson
> > > > (eds.), *Social and Cultural Forms of Modernity*
> > > (Polity Press, Cambridge,
> > > > 1992), pp. 417-61, p.427.
> > > >> _______________________________________________
> > > Urbanstudygroup mailing list
> > > Urban Study Group: Reading the South Asian City
> > >
> > > To subscribe or browse the Urban Study Group
> > > archives, please visit
> > >
> > https://mail.sarai.net/mailman/listinfo/urbanstudygroup
> > >
> >
> >
> > Asst. Prof Solomon Benjamin
> > Room 3035, Dept of Political Science, Sidney Smith Building,
> > University of Toronto 100 St George Street
> > Toronto M5 S 3G3
> > Ph: (416) 978 3344 Cell: 647 - 291 - 5910
> >
> >
> >
> >
> > Bring your gang together - do your thing. Go to
> > http://in.promos.yahoo.com/groups
> > _______________________________________________
> > Urbanstudygroup mailing list
> > Urban Study Group: Reading the South Asian City
> >
> > To subscribe or browse the Urban Study Group archives, please visit
> > https://mail.sarai.net/mailman/listinfo/urbanstudygroup
> >
>
>
>
> --
> Zainab Bawa
> Ph.D. Student and Independent Researcher
>
> Between Places ...
> http://wbfs.wordpress.com
>
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From anant_umn at yahoo.co.uk Thu Feb 7 06:45:17 2008
From: anant_umn at yahoo.co.uk (anant m)
Date: Thu, 7 Feb 2008 01:15:17 +0000 (GMT)
Subject: [Urbanstudy] Of Roads and Widening Perspectives
In-Reply-To: <7e230b560802060603j2fbf3b1bvb330e286b7d9bd4@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <280435.87122.qm@web23005.mail.ird.yahoo.com>
Dear Prem/all
I have been reading the exchanges on this thread with
curiosity, although I just could not find time to
intervene earlier. Let me just say as a preliminary
remark that the textual/material opposition is often
overplayed in academic debates simply because of 1)
methodological limitations. 2) prior political
commitments of writers -- versions of feminism versus
versions of marxism. This is not an unresolvable
problem -- one way to go forward is to recognize that
the 'sign' the 'image' the 'representation' is not
just an add on but integral to the processes of value
extraction. see for example Melissa Wright's study of
violence against women in the maquiladoras on US
Mexico border in the 90s followed up by recent work on
the protests by sex workers in Ciudad Juarez.
But, to take forward Prem's point about questions of
citizenship -- I think the real challenge lies in
theorizing the relationship between the state and the
citizen in India and how it is being reworked with
differential consequences for different social groups.
The trouble as on date I think is that we are often
transfixed by either or the citizen end of it or the
state end of it leading us to produce studies that are
based in cultural studies for citizenship and studies
that are based in political economy for the state
restructuring. In doing so we miss the crucial linking
question: what new ways of practicing citizenship are
emerging ? especially in the indian city with its
peculiar post independence development trajectory,
unique regional histories, this becomes very difficult
because the transformations are not uniform across
space. we cannot quite determine what specific
variables we should be looking at and what interlinked
scales are important and so on.
For example, the places occupied by the poor in the
city, are not merely the gaps in the market but also
places that have a complex texture because of the way
the city is territorialized - where citizenship is
practised in ways that simply cannot be captured
through liberal democratic lenses. yet these are not
completely illegal either. e.g. notified slums whose
fortunes depend as much on international donor funding
as on the trajectories of local and regional politics.
i often feel that it would be great to do a series of
comparative studies across a few cities in a
collaborative effort such that at least some of the
critical issues can brought onto the agenda.
anant
--- Prem Chandavarkar wrote:
> Dear Zainab,
> I threw in that James Donald quote to argue that
> that the coherence of the
> city is constituted by our imagination and not to
> argue that it is primarily
> textual. One cannot deny the materiality of the
> city - particularly how its
> materiality is constituted in a way that excludes
> many. For example the
> parceling of land by the land use plan, which sets
> up a subsequent pricing
> of land values and rentals that make the city (in
> the Indian context)
> unaffordable to significant segments of the
> population. This forces them to
> use the gaps in the system, and locate on parcels of
> land through forms of
> tenure that do not have official sanction. Their
> so called 'criminality of
> squatting' is forced on them by the system; it is
> not a choice. They
> survive through the poor enforcement of the system;
> if we started enforcing
> master plans more effectively upon the current
> socio-economic order, we
> would have a disaster.
>
> There has been some discussion on fighting for
> housing as a fundamental
> constitutional right. I have been wondering if it
> would be more useful to
> broaden this discussion around the question of
> citizenship. While we have a
> well recognised concept of political citizenship
> that revolves around the
> issue of voting rights, should we also recognise
> that citizenship is
> incomplete unless it is also spatial. One should
> have a process by which
> one can officially locate oneself on the official
> maps of the political
> territory - and if the process by which the maps is
> develop results in
> exclusion of people, then the process needs
> redefinition as it is violative
> of fundamental citizenship rights.
>
> Ultimately the question becomes political. Solly
> has already cited Doreen
> Massey - and it would be useful to cite her in more
> detail, particular the
> relationship she draws between space and time. She
> demonstrates that when
> there is a failure to see this relationship as
> continuous and dynamic, it
> results in distortions of political power. Massey
> identifies three typical
> distortions:
>
> 1. Space and time are delinked. The example she
> gives is the army of
> Hernan Cortes poised to invade the Aztec city
> Tenochtitlan. To Cortes and
> his army, the city spaces he sees in front of him
> are devoid of any
> relationship with time. They are seen as empty
> of history, and therefore
> reduced to mere phenomena on a surface; therefore
> subject to appropriation.
> While this was the primary outlook of
> colonialism, it is still present in
> the power equations of many parts of the world
> (Iraq, Afghanistan,
> Palestine, etc.).
> 2. Spaces are differentiated only in terms of
> time. This is the
> current rhetoric of globalisation which argues
> for a uniform economic order
> through WTO, GATT, GATS, etc. When it is argued
> that Mali, Mozambique or
> Nicaragua are perhaps different and may need a
> different order, the response
> is that they are merely behind in time and given
> an opportunity will be able
> to catch up.
> 3. The relationship between space and time is
> seen as stable and
> fixed. This drives conservative and
> fundamentalist claims to a pure
> cultural order that must be preserved.
>
> Massey argues for a dynamic relationship of space
> and time through which we
> see space as:
> a. The product of interrelations
> b. The space for multiplicities
> c. Never closed, always open, and continuously
> constructed.
>
> All this brings us back to the political. The
> dominant discourse will
> always assume that there is such a thing as "the
> public interest", and this
> thing is easily definable if we turn our attention
> to it. It does not pause
> to consider that what is actually happening are
> competing private claims to
> define the public interest. What kind of system do
> we need to develop so
> that this competition is foregrounded and
> transparent, rather than the
> current status of background and opaque.
>
> As an architect, my interest is from the viewpoint
> of urban planning, and I
> wonder how we should define the discipline. Should
> we say it is primarily
> the definition of a proper spatial order to which a
> population should adjust
> itself, or should we seek to make it a process by
> which a population
> negotiates its spatial order in an inclusive manner.
> It is probably not a
> black and white either/or choice. But conventional
> practice only considers
> the former question, and we have not devoted enough
> conceptual rigour and
> analysis to the latter.
>
> Regards,
> Prem
>
>
> On 03/02/2008, Zainab Bawa
> wrote:
> >
> > Dear Prem, Frank and Solly (in that order),
> >
> > Thanks for the comments and the discussion. I will
> also disagree with
> > James Donald and the textual analysis of the city.
> On reflecting back on the
> > posting, I recognize that the experience is
> constituted on and through a
> > material terrain that is also the city. This
> material terrain becomes
> > critical because it is on this material grounds
> that experiences are
> > developed (and the experiences in turn shape the
> material terrain). Claims
> > are made on the material terrain of the city and
> contests and politics are
> > located around the material terrain. But as Solly
> pointed out, this is not
> > moving towards a material/experience binary
> because both are implicated in
> > each other. Again, materiality must not be read as
> mundane and economistic.
> > Harvey's work tends to reduce materiality to
> economism whereas I would guess
> > (and I don't know if other scholars have posited
> this) that the material is
> > constituted of and produced through practices,
> affect and politics (among
> > others). Therefore I threw the question that if
> the city is experience, then
> > whose experiences are valid, legitimate and are
> there invalid and
> > illegitimate experiences because I alluding to the
> material grounds of the
> > city which seems to have become the turf for
> contests and conflicts.
> >
> > To make the distinction between the city and the
> urban, Lefebvre suggests
> > that the city is the practico-material base while
> the urban is constituted
> > through social relations. But I understand that
> Lefebvre made this
> > distinction to draw our attention to questions of
> scale and levels. I guess
> > he also suggested this in order to hint towards a
> way of doing research and
> > understanding the city.
> >
> > Seems to be getting messy, but anyway, my tuppence
> to the discussion.
> > Thanks again for taking this forward.
> >
> > Cheers,
> >
> > Zainab
> >
> > On Feb 2, 2008 9:01 PM, solomon benjamin
> wrote:
> >
> > > This is a useful conceptual string, thanks
> Zainab,
> > > Prem and Frank. ..
> > > I think the 'Buddhist' idea is an interesting
> > > metaphor, and in the Donald's rather meta
> narrative
>
=== message truncated ===>
_______________________________________________
> Urbanstudygroup mailing list
> Urban Study Group: Reading the South Asian City
>
> To subscribe or browse the Urban Study Group
> archives, please visit
>
https://mail.sarai.net/mailman/listinfo/urbanstudygroup
>
----------------
A place does not merely exist...it has to be invented in one's imagination
.
___________________________________________________________
Support the World Aids Awareness campaign this month with Yahoo! For Good http://uk.promotions.yahoo.com/forgood/
From bawazainab79 at gmail.com Mon Feb 11 12:23:05 2008
From: bawazainab79 at gmail.com (Zainab Bawa)
Date: Mon, 11 Feb 2008 12:23:05 +0530
Subject: [Urbanstudy] Of Roads and Widening Perspectives
In-Reply-To: <280435.87122.qm@web23005.mail.ird.yahoo.com>
References: <7e230b560802060603j2fbf3b1bvb330e286b7d9bd4@mail.gmail.com>
<280435.87122.qm@web23005.mail.ird.yahoo.com>
Message-ID:
Dear Anant and Prem (and again, Prem, Frank and Solly),
This getting to be a really interesting and rich discussion. I was away to a
workshop on Culture and Economic Life organized by CSSSC, Kolkatta and some
of these issues that we are talking of, came up in the various discussions
and presentations. This also partly links with my doctoral thesis work. Here
are some thoughts/questions that I have been bearing on myself for sometime:
It is but obvious now that most of the discussions on material bases,
claims, cities, etc. will veer around questions of citizenship. What is this
citizenship is something that I am also wondering about and am deeply
concerned about it. While reviewing some of the works of Partha Chatterjee,
Asef Bayat and Diane Singerman, the question that I have been asking of
myself is what is this citizenship that these thinkers are alluding to? Does
citizenship mean the integration of the person with the state? Is our
ultimate trajectory that of merging with the state? This brings me to
Anant's point of what are the various practices of citizenship that are
emerging? Even when Chatterjee talks of civil society, does he mean that the
inhabitants of civil society have completely merged their identities with
the state? I doubt and wonder.
This also leads to the question of what is the state of the state that we
are talking about? Is the state that ultimate authority that we have to
eventually turn to? What is our relationship/s with the state?
And both of the above will lead us to into questions of illegality and
legality and law? What kinds of constructs are these? Are these agencies too
in addition to being constructs?
Still thinking ...
Zainab
On Feb 7, 2008 6:45 AM, anant m wrote:
> Dear Prem/all
>
> I have been reading the exchanges on this thread with
> curiosity, although I just could not find time to
> intervene earlier. Let me just say as a preliminary
> remark that the textual/material opposition is often
> overplayed in academic debates simply because of 1)
> methodological limitations. 2) prior political
> commitments of writers -- versions of feminism versus
> versions of marxism. This is not an unresolvable
> problem -- one way to go forward is to recognize that
> the 'sign' the 'image' the 'representation' is not
> just an add on but integral to the processes of value
> extraction. see for example Melissa Wright's study of
> violence against women in the maquiladoras on US
> Mexico border in the 90s followed up by recent work on
> the protests by sex workers in Ciudad Juarez.
>
> But, to take forward Prem's point about questions of
> citizenship -- I think the real challenge lies in
> theorizing the relationship between the state and the
> citizen in India and how it is being reworked with
> differential consequences for different social groups.
> The trouble as on date I think is that we are often
> transfixed by either or the citizen end of it or the
> state end of it leading us to produce studies that are
> based in cultural studies for citizenship and studies
> that are based in political economy for the state
> restructuring. In doing so we miss the crucial linking
> question: what new ways of practicing citizenship are
> emerging ? especially in the indian city with its
> peculiar post independence development trajectory,
> unique regional histories, this becomes very difficult
> because the transformations are not uniform across
> space. we cannot quite determine what specific
> variables we should be looking at and what interlinked
> scales are important and so on.
> For example, the places occupied by the poor in the
> city, are not merely the gaps in the market but also
> places that have a complex texture because of the way
> the city is territorialized - where citizenship is
> practised in ways that simply cannot be captured
> through liberal democratic lenses. yet these are not
> completely illegal either. e.g. notified slums whose
> fortunes depend as much on international donor funding
> as on the trajectories of local and regional politics.
> i often feel that it would be great to do a series of
> comparative studies across a few cities in a
> collaborative effort such that at least some of the
> critical issues can brought onto the agenda.
> anant
>
>
>
> --- Prem Chandavarkar wrote:
>
> > Dear Zainab,
> > I threw in that James Donald quote to argue that
> > that the coherence of the
> > city is constituted by our imagination and not to
> > argue that it is primarily
> > textual. One cannot deny the materiality of the
> > city - particularly how its
> > materiality is constituted in a way that excludes
> > many. For example the
> > parceling of land by the land use plan, which sets
> > up a subsequent pricing
> > of land values and rentals that make the city (in
> > the Indian context)
> > unaffordable to significant segments of the
> > population. This forces them to
> > use the gaps in the system, and locate on parcels of
> > land through forms of
> > tenure that do not have official sanction. Their
> > so called 'criminality of
> > squatting' is forced on them by the system; it is
> > not a choice. They
> > survive through the poor enforcement of the system;
> > if we started enforcing
> > master plans more effectively upon the current
> > socio-economic order, we
> > would have a disaster.
> >
> > There has been some discussion on fighting for
> > housing as a fundamental
> > constitutional right. I have been wondering if it
> > would be more useful to
> > broaden this discussion around the question of
> > citizenship. While we have a
> > well recognised concept of political citizenship
> > that revolves around the
> > issue of voting rights, should we also recognise
> > that citizenship is
> > incomplete unless it is also spatial. One should
> > have a process by which
> > one can officially locate oneself on the official
> > maps of the political
> > territory - and if the process by which the maps is
> > develop results in
> > exclusion of people, then the process needs
> > redefinition as it is violative
> > of fundamental citizenship rights.
> >
> > Ultimately the question becomes political. Solly
> > has already cited Doreen
> > Massey - and it would be useful to cite her in more
> > detail, particular the
> > relationship she draws between space and time. She
> > demonstrates that when
> > there is a failure to see this relationship as
> > continuous and dynamic, it
> > results in distortions of political power. Massey
> > identifies three typical
> > distortions:
> >
> > 1. Space and time are delinked. The example she
> > gives is the army of
> > Hernan Cortes poised to invade the Aztec city
> > Tenochtitlan. To Cortes and
> > his army, the city spaces he sees in front of him
> > are devoid of any
> > relationship with time. They are seen as empty
> > of history, and therefore
> > reduced to mere phenomena on a surface; therefore
> > subject to appropriation.
> > While this was the primary outlook of
> > colonialism, it is still present in
> > the power equations of many parts of the world
> > (Iraq, Afghanistan,
> > Palestine, etc.).
> > 2. Spaces are differentiated only in terms of
> > time. This is the
> > current rhetoric of globalisation which argues
> > for a uniform economic order
> > through WTO, GATT, GATS, etc. When it is argued
> > that Mali, Mozambique or
> > Nicaragua are perhaps different and may need a
> > different order, the response
> > is that they are merely behind in time and given
> > an opportunity will be able
> > to catch up.
> > 3. The relationship between space and time is
> > seen as stable and
> > fixed. This drives conservative and
> > fundamentalist claims to a pure
> > cultural order that must be preserved.
> >
> > Massey argues for a dynamic relationship of space
> > and time through which we
> > see space as:
> > a. The product of interrelations
> > b. The space for multiplicities
> > c. Never closed, always open, and continuously
> > constructed.
> >
> > All this brings us back to the political. The
> > dominant discourse will
> > always assume that there is such a thing as "the
> > public interest", and this
> > thing is easily definable if we turn our attention
> > to it. It does not pause
> > to consider that what is actually happening are
> > competing private claims to
> > define the public interest. What kind of system do
> > we need to develop so
> > that this competition is foregrounded and
> > transparent, rather than the
> > current status of background and opaque.
> >
> > As an architect, my interest is from the viewpoint
> > of urban planning, and I
> > wonder how we should define the discipline. Should
> > we say it is primarily
> > the definition of a proper spatial order to which a
> > population should adjust
> > itself, or should we seek to make it a process by
> > which a population
> > negotiates its spatial order in an inclusive manner.
> > It is probably not a
> > black and white either/or choice. But conventional
> > practice only considers
> > the former question, and we have not devoted enough
> > conceptual rigour and
> > analysis to the latter.
> >
> > Regards,
> > Prem
> >
> >
> > On 03/02/2008, Zainab Bawa
> > wrote:
> > >
> > > Dear Prem, Frank and Solly (in that order),
> > >
> > > Thanks for the comments and the discussion. I will
> > also disagree with
> > > James Donald and the textual analysis of the city.
> > On reflecting back on the
> > > posting, I recognize that the experience is
> > constituted on and through a
> > > material terrain that is also the city. This
> > material terrain becomes
> > > critical because it is on this material grounds
> > that experiences are
> > > developed (and the experiences in turn shape the
> > material terrain). Claims
> > > are made on the material terrain of the city and
> > contests and politics are
> > > located around the material terrain. But as Solly
> > pointed out, this is not
> > > moving towards a material/experience binary
> > because both are implicated in
> > > each other. Again, materiality must not be read as
> > mundane and economistic.
> > > Harvey's work tends to reduce materiality to
> > economism whereas I would guess
> > > (and I don't know if other scholars have posited
> > this) that the material is
> > > constituted of and produced through practices,
> > affect and politics (among
> > > others). Therefore I threw the question that if
> > the city is experience, then
> > > whose experiences are valid, legitimate and are
> > there invalid and
> > > illegitimate experiences because I alluding to the
> > material grounds of the
> > > city which seems to have become the turf for
> > contests and conflicts.
> > >
> > > To make the distinction between the city and the
> > urban, Lefebvre suggests
> > > that the city is the practico-material base while
> > the urban is constituted
> > > through social relations. But I understand that
> > Lefebvre made this
> > > distinction to draw our attention to questions of
> > scale and levels. I guess
> > > he also suggested this in order to hint towards a
> > way of doing research and
> > > understanding the city.
> > >
> > > Seems to be getting messy, but anyway, my tuppence
> > to the discussion.
> > > Thanks again for taking this forward.
> > >
> > > Cheers,
> > >
> > > Zainab
> > >
> > > On Feb 2, 2008 9:01 PM, solomon benjamin
> > wrote:
> > >
> > > > This is a useful conceptual string, thanks
> > Zainab,
> > > > Prem and Frank. ..
> > > > I think the 'Buddhist' idea is an interesting
> > > > metaphor, and in the Donald's rather meta
> > narrative
> >
> === message truncated ===>
> _______________________________________________
> > Urbanstudygroup mailing list
> > Urban Study Group: Reading the South Asian City
> >
> > To subscribe or browse the Urban Study Group
> > archives, please visit
> >
> https://mail.sarai.net/mailman/listinfo/urbanstudygroup
> >
>
>
> ----------------
> A place does not merely exist...it has to be invented in one's
> imagination….
>
>
> ___________________________________________________________
> Support the World Aids Awareness campaign this month with Yahoo! For Good
> http://uk.promotions.yahoo.com/forgood/
>
> _______________________________________________
> Urbanstudygroup mailing list
> Urban Study Group: Reading the South Asian City
>
> To subscribe or browse the Urban Study Group archives, please visit
> https://mail.sarai.net/mailman/listinfo/urbanstudygroup
>
--
Zainab Bawa
Ph.D. Student and Independent Researcher
Between Places ...
http://wbfs.wordpress.com
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From elkamath at yahoo.com Mon Feb 11 22:52:49 2008
From: elkamath at yahoo.com (lalitha kamath)
Date: Mon, 11 Feb 2008 09:22:49 -0800 (PST)
Subject: [Urbanstudy] An anti-poverty scheme invented in Latin America is
winning converts worldwide
Message-ID: <829335.28421.qm@web53602.mail.re2.yahoo.com>
FYI
Brazil
Happy families
Feb 7th 2008 | MACEIÓ
>From The Economist print edition
An anti-poverty scheme invented in Latin America is winning converts
worldwide
MENTION globalisation and most people think of goods heading across the
world from East to West and dollars moving in the other direction. Yet
globalisation works for ideas too. Take Brazil's Bolsa Família ("Family
Fund") anti-poverty scheme, the largest of its kind in the world. Known in
development jargon as a "conditional cash transfer" programme, it was
modelled partly on a similar scheme in Mexico. After being tested on a vast
scale in several Latin American countries, a refined version was recently
implemented in New York City in an attempt to improve opportunities for
children from poor families. Brazilian officials were in Cairo this week to
help Egyptian officials set up a similar scheme. "Governments all over the
world are looking at this programme," says Kathy Lindert of the World Bank's
office in Brasília, who is about to begin work on similar schemes for
Eastern Europe.
Bolsa Família works as follows. Where a family earns less than 120 reais
($68) per head per month, mothers are paid a benefit of up to 95 reais on
condition that their children go to school and take part in government
vaccination programmes. Municipal governments do much of the collection of
data on eligibility and compliance, but payments are made by the federal
government. Each beneficiary receives a debit card which is charged up every
month, unless the recipient has not met the necessary conditions, in which
case (and after a couple of warnings) the payment is suspended. Some 11m
families now receive the benefit, equivalent to a quarter of Brazil's
population.
In the north-eastern state of Alagoas, one of Brazil's poorest, over half of
families get Bolsa Família. Most of the rest receive a state pension. "It's
like Sweden with sunshine," says Cícero Péricles de Carvalho, an economist
at the Federal University of Alagoas. Up to a point. Some 70% of the
population in Alagoas is either illiterate or did not complete first grade
at school. Life expectancy at birth is 66, six years below the average for
Brazil. "In terms of human development," says Sérgio Moreira, the planning
minister in the state government, "Alagoas is closer to Mozambique than to
parts of Brazil." Vote-buying is rife: the going rate in the last election
for state governor was 50 reais. "People come to us complaining that they
sold their vote to a politician and he hasn't paid them yet," says Antônio
Sapucaia da Silva, the head of Alagoas's electoral court.
As well as providing immediate help to the poor, Bolsa Família aims in the
long run to break this culture of dependency by ensuring that children get a
better education than their parents. There are some encouraging signs.
School attendance has risen in Alagoas, as it has across the country, thanks
in part to Bolsa Família and to an earlier programme called Bolsa Escola.
The scheme has also helped to push the rate of economic growth in the poor
north-east above the national average. This has helped to reduce income
inequality in Brazil. Although only 30% of Alagoas's labour force of 1.3m
has a formal job, more than 1.5m of its people had a mobile phone last year.
"The poor are living Chinese rates of growth," says Aloizio Mercadante, a
senator for São Paulo state, repeating a proud boast of the governing
Workers' Party.
Look hard enough and it is also possible to find businesses spawned by this
consumption boom among the poor. Pedro dos Santos and his wife Dayse started
a soap factory with 20 reais at their home in an improvised neighbourhood on
the edge of Maceió, the state capital. With the help of a microcredit bank,
they have increased daily output to 2,000 bars of crumbly soap the colour of
Dijon mustard. Nearby, another beneficiary of a microfinance scheme has
opened a shop selling beer, crisps (potato chips) and sweets. On the shop's
wall hangs a reminder that the state's politics will take longer to change:
a campaign poster with the slogan "Collor: the people's Senator". Fernando
Collor was forced to resign as Brazil's president in 1992 after his campaign
manager ran an influence-peddling racket. In his home state of Alagoas,
though, Mr Collor's political career is thriving.
Despite the early success of Bolsa Família, three concerns remain. The first
is over fraud. Because money is paid directly to the beneficiary's debit
card, there is little scope for leakage. The question is whether local
governments are collecting accurate data on eligibility and enforcing the
conditions. Some 15% of municipal councils make the improbable claim that
100% of pupils are in school 100% of the time. Despite this, most of the
money does go to the right people: 70% ends up in the pockets of the poorest
20% of families, the World Bank finds.
Second, some people worry that Bolsa Família will end up as a permanent
feature of Brazilian society, rather than a temporary boost aimed at
changing the opportunities available to the poorest. Whether this happens
will depend largely on whether Brazil's public schools improve fast enough
to give all their new pupils a reasonable education. Since the scheme began
on a large scale only in 2003, it is still too early to tell.
Third, Bolsa Família is sometimes equated with straightforward vote-buying.
That is unfair. Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva's name is strongly associated with
the scheme—even among some people in Alagoas who are unaware that he is
Brazil's president. But their gratitude does not extend to support for his
Workers' Party. There are signs that mayors who administer the programme
well get a reward at the polls while those who do not suffer. For a
relatively modest outlay (0.8% of GDP), Brazil is getting a good return. If
only the same could be said of the rest of what the government spends.
Cross posted from Debate
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From dewahdan at aucegypt.edu Tue Feb 12 12:26:43 2008
From: dewahdan at aucegypt.edu (dewahdan)
Date: Tue, 12 Feb 2008 06:56:43 +0000
Subject: [Urbanstudy] Salata Baladi in India
Message-ID:
Dear Friends
You may find this quite an interesting "documentary" or may be "docudrama". "As any House salad every thing is there. But it mainly deals with the political issue of Arab-Israel conflict through the familial story of a friend of a friend Ms. Nadia Kamel, the producer. If you have time to see it, some thing might change in your perception of some questions...
Swati, I guess it must be ironic that I am forwarding this to YOU at FTI :D
Habib, c'est ton quote vraiment mais un peu realistique...
Take Care
Salata Baladi in India
Salade Maison
(A House Salad)
BOMBAY
5th February 2008
11:30 A.M.
Mumbai International Film Festival
international competition
Tata Theatre
National Centre for Performing Arts, Nariman Point
Mumbai 400021
******
NEW DELHI
12th February 2008
5:00 P.M.
Alliance Française de Delhi ( Indo- French Cultural Centre)
72, Lodi Estate, New Delhi 110003 (INDIA)
Tel : (91 11) 43500200
Fax : (91 11) 43500228/29
Email: afdelhi at afdelhi.org Website: www.afdelhi.org
*****
HYDERABAD
15th February 2008
7:00 P.M.
Prasad Preview Theatre,
Road No. 2, Banjara Hills, Near LV Prasad Eye Hospital,
Hyderabad 500 004
*******
BANGALORE
17th Februrary 2008
6:30 P.M.
Nani Cinematheque, Centre for Film and Drama
5th floor, Sona Towers, 71 Millers Road, Bangalore 560052
TIMBAKTU
18th February 2008
7:00 P.M.
C.K. Palli Village, Anantapur District,A.P. , 515 101, India
tel;work:0091 8559 240335
tel;home:0091 8559 240337
tel;cell:0091 9440686837
url:http://www.timbaktu.org
******
PUNE
20th February 2008
Film & Television Institute of India,
Law college Road, Pune 411004
3:00 P.M.
Discussion with student scriptwriters
5.30 P.M.
Screening
Website: www.ftiindia.com
Windows Live Messenger 2008 vient de sortir, discutez avec vos amis en vidéo ! Téléchargez gratuitement Messenger 2008
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From bawazainab79 at gmail.com Tue Feb 12 23:54:48 2008
From: bawazainab79 at gmail.com (Zainab Bawa)
Date: Tue, 12 Feb 2008 23:54:48 +0530
Subject: [Urbanstudy] Of Roads and Widening Perspectives II
Message-ID:
Thus it was the usual jaunt, but in its usual-ness, it unusually revealed
...
The autorickshaw fares in Bangalore have risen, from Rs.6 a kilometer to
Rs.7. Now I can no longer ask the rickshaw drivers what has changed about
Bangalore. Now, I know for myself, that what has changed about the city is
the greater pinch on my pocket. Recently in Pune, I experienced the high
rickshaw fares and at one point in the night, the experience of not getting
rickshaws back and depending on the call center taxis to give a group of us
a ride back into the city. What configuration of mobilities as cities are
making. But that is the subject of another story, some other time ... For
now, maybe it is useful to stick to the streets.
Thus it was the usual jaunt, but in its usual-ness, it unusually revealed
...
The jaunt was from Hosur Road until a little ahead of Dairy Circle. Now,
roads are being widened in Bangalore to make way for the motorists and the
traffic.The city is growing, *swalpa jaaga bekaa*. So the roads have to be
tended to. In the process, the footpaths and pavements deteriorate. The
usual plaint is that the footpaths and pavements are taken over by vendors
and hawkers. In the case of this stretch, that is not even the matter. What
is the matter is that the pavements are uneven, often bearing turd and pee
and in some cases, the pavements have become parking sites for trucks, vans
and tempos, by default, or rather by practice. Now, is it that Bangalore has
been a city where people don't walk at all on the streets? Or over time, has
it become practice not to walk in order to move from one place to another in
the city? How is it that a city like London is known to be a walker's
paradise? What makes a city worth walking?
Thus it was the usual jaunt, but in its usual-ness, it unusually revealed
...
So, the pavements, rough, unsteady, sometimes non-existent, sometimes,
reduced to disuse. I began walking along one, one pavement that was a public
toilet. As I began walking, I noticed at some distance, that an autorickshaw
driver had stopped his auto and had gotten down to urinating on that
pavement. Perhaps he noticed me coming from a distance. I noticed him, but
could not change track because the pavement was barricaded with grills. A
sense of disgust and unease filled me. How do I get out of here quickly?
Don't men understand? Why don't they just let pavements be taken over for
vending et al? Maybe life might be easier then. (My schizophrenia had
disappeared. It was all but me, naked and covered in all my vulnerability
...)
Thus it was the usual jaunt, but in its usual-ness, it unusually revealed
...
So, *swalpa jaaga maadtaye*, widening the roads in Bangalore to increase the
capacity of the roads to handle traffic. While that remains, in what realm
do the pavements and footpaths fall? Or is it that all pavements and all
footpaths are not the same because they carry different premiums in
different locations? Are pavements and footpaths public or private or both?
Or, are they none at all? Or are they non-existent from the experience of
the city because the city is assumed to be subsumed under the hegemony of
time where people don't walk at all? Or that the figure of the pedestrian
has died its death? Or that the pedestrian becomes existent in certain parts
of the city even when the actual pedestrian is non-existent?
(Yakka-yakaa-doo!
....................................................................................................................................................................................................................)
--
Zainab Bawa
Ph.D. Student and Independent Researcher
Between Places ...
http://wbfs.wordpress.com
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From esgindia at gmail.com Wed Feb 13 11:17:06 2008
From: esgindia at gmail.com (ESG India)
Date: Wed, 13 Feb 2008 11:17:06 +0530
Subject: [Urbanstudy] Of Roads and Widening Perspectives
In-Reply-To:
References: <7e230b560802060603j2fbf3b1bvb330e286b7d9bd4@mail.gmail.com>
<280435.87122.qm@web23005.mail.ird.yahoo.com>
Message-ID:
Hi all
Without in any manner affecting the flow of this very interesting
discussion, could I make a request, a rather pedestrian one, on the issue of
road widening.
ESG, as you may be aware, has been in the forefront of opening up the debate
on the ongoing road widening programme in Blore. In addition we are keen to
ensure that the ongoing programme is shelved, as it is clearly a stupid
idea. I don't want to go into any further detail to justify the proposal
besides stating it is a truly stupid idea.
We are in immediate need of well researched, hopefully published, material
on the road as a landscape that involves pedestrians, pavement dwellers,
trees, street infrastructure, and yes traffic too, etc. etc and how all
demands placed collectively by these items need to be carefully addressed.
The present trend in any metropolis in India, quite stupidly, is to pave the
roads almost to the property line (eg. chennai and mumbai), and leave the
rest to users' karma.
We are in the process of filing a PIL against the ongoing road widening
programme in Blore, and would *not *like to present it as merely an issue of
losing Blore's trees.... which is where we have found most support.
(Unfortunately actually, making us wonder whatever happened to organisations
working for the rights of pavement dwellers here?)
The Road as a Landscape is a complex spatial entity and even more highly
complicated process. In our PIL we would like to draw the attention of the
Judges to this complexity and direct the State and its agencies to
acknowledge such, involve the public and thus allow for the visioning of a
city's streets by a democratic process, and not merely by the arrogated
power of the bureaucracy as is presently the case. You are aware that
Indian law in fact arrogates most of such planning powers to the
bureaucracy, and thus constrains us very much on challenging their road
widening proposals on the basis of law. Persuasive arguments that these
proposals do not meet the objective of serving the wider public interest is
perhaps our best chance to secure the support of the judiciary.
As trees are being felled by the dozens everyday, we are really rushing
against time and earliest attention to this request will be deeply
appreciated.
regards
Leo Saldanha
www.esgindia.org
On Feb 11, 2008 12:23 PM, Zainab Bawa wrote:
> Dear Anant and Prem (and again, Prem, Frank and Solly),
>
> This getting to be a really interesting and rich discussion. I was away to
> a workshop on Culture and Economic Life organized by CSSSC, Kolkatta and
> some of these issues that we are talking of, came up in the various
> discussions and presentations. This also partly links with my doctoral
> thesis work. Here are some thoughts/questions that I have been bearing on
> myself for sometime:
>
> It is but obvious now that most of the discussions on material bases,
> claims, cities, etc. will veer around questions of citizenship. What is this
> citizenship is something that I am also wondering about and am deeply
> concerned about it. While reviewing some of the works of Partha Chatterjee,
> Asef Bayat and Diane Singerman, the question that I have been asking of
> myself is what is this citizenship that these thinkers are alluding to? Does
> citizenship mean the integration of the person with the state? Is our
> ultimate trajectory that of merging with the state? This brings me to
> Anant's point of what are the various practices of citizenship that are
> emerging? Even when Chatterjee talks of civil society, does he mean that the
> inhabitants of civil society have completely merged their identities with
> the state? I doubt and wonder.
>
> This also leads to the question of what is the state of the state that we
> are talking about? Is the state that ultimate authority that we have to
> eventually turn to? What is our relationship/s with the state?
>
> And both of the above will lead us to into questions of illegality and
> legality and law? What kinds of constructs are these? Are these agencies too
> in addition to being constructs?
>
> Still thinking ...
>
> Zainab
>
>
>
>
> On Feb 7, 2008 6:45 AM, anant m wrote:
>
> > Dear Prem/all
> >
> > I have been reading the exchanges on this thread with
> > curiosity, although I just could not find time to
> > intervene earlier. Let me just say as a preliminary
> > remark that the textual/material opposition is often
> > overplayed in academic debates simply because of 1)
> > methodological limitations. 2) prior political
> > commitments of writers -- versions of feminism versus
> > versions of marxism. This is not an unresolvable
> > problem -- one way to go forward is to recognize that
> > the 'sign' the 'image' the 'representation' is not
> > just an add on but integral to the processes of value
> > extraction. see for example Melissa Wright's study of
> > violence against women in the maquiladoras on US
> > Mexico border in the 90s followed up by recent work on
> > the protests by sex workers in Ciudad Juarez.
> >
> > But, to take forward Prem's point about questions of
> > citizenship -- I think the real challenge lies in
> > theorizing the relationship between the state and the
> > citizen in India and how it is being reworked with
> > differential consequences for different social groups.
> > The trouble as on date I think is that we are often
> > transfixed by either or the citizen end of it or the
> > state end of it leading us to produce studies that are
> > based in cultural studies for citizenship and studies
> > that are based in political economy for the state
> > restructuring. In doing so we miss the crucial linking
> > question: what new ways of practicing citizenship are
> > emerging ? especially in the indian city with its
> > peculiar post independence development trajectory,
> > unique regional histories, this becomes very difficult
> > because the transformations are not uniform across
> > space. we cannot quite determine what specific
> > variables we should be looking at and what interlinked
> > scales are important and so on.
> > For example, the places occupied by the poor in the
> > city, are not merely the gaps in the market but also
> > places that have a complex texture because of the way
> > the city is territorialized - where citizenship is
> > practised in ways that simply cannot be captured
> > through liberal democratic lenses. yet these are not
> > completely illegal either. e.g. notified slums whose
> > fortunes depend as much on international donor funding
> > as on the trajectories of local and regional politics.
> > i often feel that it would be great to do a series of
> > comparative studies across a few cities in a
> > collaborative effort such that at least some of the
> > critical issues can brought onto the agenda.
> > anant
> >
> >
> >
> >
> > --- Prem Chandavarkar wrote:
> >
> > > Dear Zainab,
> > > I threw in that James Donald quote to argue that
> > > that the coherence of the
> > > city is constituted by our imagination and not to
> > > argue that it is primarily
> > > textual. One cannot deny the materiality of the
> > > city - particularly how its
> > > materiality is constituted in a way that excludes
> > > many. For example the
> > > parceling of land by the land use plan, which sets
> > > up a subsequent pricing
> > > of land values and rentals that make the city (in
> > > the Indian context)
> > > unaffordable to significant segments of the
> > > population. This forces them to
> > > use the gaps in the system, and locate on parcels of
> > > land through forms of
> > > tenure that do not have official sanction. Their
> > > so called 'criminality of
> > > squatting' is forced on them by the system; it is
> > > not a choice. They
> > > survive through the poor enforcement of the system;
> > > if we started enforcing
> > > master plans more effectively upon the current
> > > socio-economic order, we
> > > would have a disaster.
> > >
> > > There has been some discussion on fighting for
> > > housing as a fundamental
> > > constitutional right. I have been wondering if it
> > > would be more useful to
> > > broaden this discussion around the question of
> > > citizenship. While we have a
> > > well recognised concept of political citizenship
> > > that revolves around the
> > > issue of voting rights, should we also recognise
> > > that citizenship is
> > > incomplete unless it is also spatial. One should
> > > have a process by which
> > > one can officially locate oneself on the official
> > > maps of the political
> > > territory - and if the process by which the maps is
> > > develop results in
> > > exclusion of people, then the process needs
> > > redefinition as it is violative
> > > of fundamental citizenship rights.
> > >
> > > Ultimately the question becomes political. Solly
> > > has already cited Doreen
> > > Massey - and it would be useful to cite her in more
> > > detail, particular the
> > > relationship she draws between space and time. She
> > > demonstrates that when
> > > there is a failure to see this relationship as
> > > continuous and dynamic, it
> > > results in distortions of political power. Massey
> > > identifies three typical
> > > distortions:
> > >
> > > 1. Space and time are delinked. The example she
> >
> > > gives is the army of
> > > Hernan Cortes poised to invade the Aztec city
> > > Tenochtitlan. To Cortes and
> > > his army, the city spaces he sees in front of him
> > > are devoid of any
> > > relationship with time. They are seen as empty
> > > of history, and therefore
> > > reduced to mere phenomena on a surface; therefore
> > > subject to appropriation.
> > > While this was the primary outlook of
> > > colonialism, it is still present in
> > > the power equations of many parts of the world
> > > (Iraq, Afghanistan,
> > > Palestine, etc.).
> > > 2. Spaces are differentiated only in terms of
> >
> > > time. This is the
> > > current rhetoric of globalisation which argues
> > > for a uniform economic order
> > > through WTO, GATT, GATS, etc. When it is argued
> > > that Mali, Mozambique or
> > > Nicaragua are perhaps different and may need a
> > > different order, the response
> > > is that they are merely behind in time and given
> > > an opportunity will be able
> > > to catch up.
> > > 3. The relationship between space and time is
> >
> > > seen as stable and
> > > fixed. This drives conservative and
> > > fundamentalist claims to a pure
> > > cultural order that must be preserved.
> > >
> > > Massey argues for a dynamic relationship of space
> > > and time through which we
> > > see space as:
> > > a. The product of interrelations
> > > b. The space for multiplicities
> > > c. Never closed, always open, and continuously
> > > constructed.
> > >
> > > All this brings us back to the political. The
> > > dominant discourse will
> > > always assume that there is such a thing as "the
> > > public interest", and this
> > > thing is easily definable if we turn our attention
> > > to it. It does not pause
> > > to consider that what is actually happening are
> > > competing private claims to
> > > define the public interest. What kind of system do
> > > we need to develop so
> > > that this competition is foregrounded and
> > > transparent, rather than the
> > > current status of background and opaque.
> > >
> > > As an architect, my interest is from the viewpoint
> > > of urban planning, and I
> > > wonder how we should define the discipline. Should
> > > we say it is primarily
> > > the definition of a proper spatial order to which a
> > > population should adjust
> > > itself, or should we seek to make it a process by
> > > which a population
> > > negotiates its spatial order in an inclusive manner.
> > > It is probably not a
> > > black and white either/or choice. But conventional
> > > practice only considers
> > > the former question, and we have not devoted enough
> > > conceptual rigour and
> > > analysis to the latter.
> > >
> > > Regards,
> > > Prem
> > >
> > >
> > > On 03/02/2008, Zainab Bawa
> > > wrote:
> > > >
> > > > Dear Prem, Frank and Solly (in that order),
> > > >
> > > > Thanks for the comments and the discussion. I will
> > > also disagree with
> > > > James Donald and the textual analysis of the city.
> > > On reflecting back on the
> > > > posting, I recognize that the experience is
> > > constituted on and through a
> > > > material terrain that is also the city. This
> > > material terrain becomes
> > > > critical because it is on this material grounds
> > > that experiences are
> > > > developed (and the experiences in turn shape the
> > > material terrain). Claims
> > > > are made on the material terrain of the city and
> > > contests and politics are
> > > > located around the material terrain. But as Solly
> > > pointed out, this is not
> > > > moving towards a material/experience binary
> > > because both are implicated in
> > > > each other. Again, materiality must not be read as
> > > mundane and economistic.
> > > > Harvey's work tends to reduce materiality to
> > > economism whereas I would guess
> > > > (and I don't know if other scholars have posited
> > > this) that the material is
> > > > constituted of and produced through practices,
> > > affect and politics (among
> > > > others). Therefore I threw the question that if
> > > the city is experience, then
> > > > whose experiences are valid, legitimate and are
> > > there invalid and
> > > > illegitimate experiences because I alluding to the
> > > material grounds of the
> > > > city which seems to have become the turf for
> > > contests and conflicts.
> > > >
> > > > To make the distinction between the city and the
> > > urban, Lefebvre suggests
> > > > that the city is the practico-material base while
> > > the urban is constituted
> > > > through social relations. But I understand that
> > > Lefebvre made this
> > > > distinction to draw our attention to questions of
> > > scale and levels. I guess
> > > > he also suggested this in order to hint towards a
> > > way of doing research and
> > > > understanding the city.
> > > >
> > > > Seems to be getting messy, but anyway, my tuppence
> > > to the discussion.
> > > > Thanks again for taking this forward.
> > > >
> > > > Cheers,
> > > >
> > > > Zainab
> > > >
> > > > On Feb 2, 2008 9:01 PM, solomon benjamin
> > > wrote:
> > > >
> > > > > This is a useful conceptual string, thanks
> > > Zainab,
> > > > > Prem and Frank. ..
> > > > > I think the 'Buddhist' idea is an interesting
> > > > > metaphor, and in the Donald's rather meta
> > > narrative
> > >
> > === message truncated ===>
> >
> > _______________________________________________
> > > Urbanstudygroup mailing list
> > > Urban Study Group: Reading the South Asian City
> > >
> > > To subscribe or browse the Urban Study Group
> > > archives, please visit
> > >
> > https://mail.sarai.net/mailman/listinfo/urbanstudygroup
> > >
> >
> >
> > ----------------
> > A place does not merely exist...it has to be invented in one's
> > imagination….
> >
> >
> >
> > ___________________________________________________________
> > Support the World Aids Awareness campaign this month with Yahoo! For
> > Good http://uk.promotions.yahoo.com/forgood/
> >
> >
> > _______________________________________________
> > Urbanstudygroup mailing list
> > Urban Study Group: Reading the South Asian City
> >
> > To subscribe or browse the Urban Study Group archives, please visit
> > https://mail.sarai.net/mailman/listinfo/urbanstudygroup
> >
>
>
>
> --
> Zainab Bawa
> Ph.D. Student and Independent Researcher
>
> Between Places ...
> http://wbfs.wordpress.com
>
> _______________________________________________
> Urbanstudygroup mailing list
> Urban Study Group: Reading the South Asian City
>
> To subscribe or browse the Urban Study Group archives, please visit
> https://mail.sarai.net/mailman/listinfo/urbanstudygroup
>
>
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From yanivbin at gmail.com Wed Feb 13 11:47:31 2008
From: yanivbin at gmail.com (Vinay Baindur)
Date: Wed, 13 Feb 2008 11:47:31 +0530
Subject: [Urbanstudy] Privatization making a mess for rag pickers
Message-ID: <86b8a7050802122217r75c1b2f3rf3fcede5e648a268@mail.gmail.com>
Privatization making a mess for rag pickers
The push for privatization in waste management has forced rag pickers to
choose between losing their jobs and joining the companies that have landed
government contracts
Aliyah Shahid
New Delhi: Hari Singh sorts—bare-handed—through egg shells, used condoms,
broken bottles and the occasional dead rat for a living. He's been doing
this job for more than 30 years, but the business of garbage collection is
starting to feel dirty.
[image: Waste side story: Hari Singh at a garbage dump in New Delhi's
Connaught Place. After privatization, work conditions for rag pickers have
remained largely unchanged; some of them are making even less than they were
before they joined the firms that won the government contracts. (Photo:
Harikrishna Katragadda/Mint)]Waste side story: Hari Singh at a garbage dump
in New Delhi's Connaught Place. After privatization, work conditions for rag
pickers have remained largely unchanged; some of them are making even less
than they were before they joined the firms that won the government
contracts. (Photo: Harikrishna Katragadda/Mint)
Across the country, the push for privatization in waste management has
forced rag pickers such as 65-year-old Singh to choose between losing their
jobs and joining the companies that have landed government contracts.
Most have opted for the latter—attracted by the promise of fair
compensation, uniforms and safety gear.
And yet, Singh and advocates for rag pickers say, work conditions have
largely remained unchanged and some are making less than they were before
industry stepped in—with no leverage to demand better.
And, then, there are the sticky, cyclical questions that seem to have no end
or answer: Just whom does garbage—and the profits that can be reaped from
recycle or reuse—belong to: the picker, the employer or the municipality?
Mumbai, Hyderabad, Kolkata, Ahmedabad and Bangalore all have begun to engage
private sector garbage collection. In New Delhi, the contract to collect
trash in the area around the Capital's teeming Connaught Place was handed
over to Ramky Group, the private waste management organization based in
Hyderabad, by the New Delhi Municipal Corporation.
Under a contract signed on 20 August 2007 by Harit Recyclers Association
(HRA), which represents the rag pickers, and Ramky, it was agreed that HRA's
rag pickers would be hired to segregate solid waste into organic and
inorganic material into the Ramky bins and keep the appointed territories
around the bins clean in areas that include Connaught Place, Mandir Marg and
Gole Market.
"Ramky told us that 'we will give you work, give you a better sitting place
with lots of space, tube lights, water taps and money,'" said Singh, through
a translator. "This is what they said, but nothing has been given."
Sanjiv Kumar, Ramky's general manager of operations in Delhi, admitted to
some allegations against his organization and disputed others. The ones he
admitted to, he says were justified because the rag pickers did not live up
to their side of the contract.
The contract states that rag pickers would receive, among other things,
safety and cleaning gear, and payment on the 10th of every month starting
October 2007—though the exact amount of this pay goes unmentioned in the
contract. Shashi Bhushan, general secretary of HRA, through a translator
said some compensation should have been given for the rag pickers' work.
HRA now claims that neither compensation nor supplies have been given to rag
pickers. Ramky terminated the contract on 31 January.
"Ramky has not released even a paisa to us," said Bhushan. "Ramky has
violated the entire agreement paper." He added that the rag pickers will
have no choice but to work for private companies because government
contracts currently give the right over solid waste to the private
contractor, not waste pickers. In some areas, rag pickers before
privatization earned Rs3,000 every month. Now, they make as little as
Rs1,200, according to HRA.
Kumar admitted to not paying the workers. He justified this by saying that
rag pickers did not keep the areas around the bins clean, and instead of
putting waste in the bins, workers would spend more time sorting out items
that they could sell to junk dealers.
"They did not meet our expectations," he said.
Kumar also says he detailed these complaints in three non-compliance letters
he sent to HRA, though he would not provide copies of these letters. HRA
said it received only one letter from Ramky.
Kumar denied the charges of not providing materials to his workers. He said
he has the receipts of brooms, shovels, gloves, masks and aprons given to
HRA workers. He declined, however, to show *Mint *the receipts.
Bhushan said no materials were ever given to the workers.
The government supplied some safety materials to rag pickers in the last
year, but not everyone has been reached, said several organizations that
work with rag pickers.
"It's important that they keep themselves healthy," said B.C. Sabat, a
senior scientific officer from the department of environment, New Delhi.
Sabat would not comment specifically on Ramky, but said the government is
looking into how privatization affects rag pickers.
"Private companies are only concerned with profit," said Anand Mishra, a
project officer of Chintan, a New Delhi-based NGO that has been working with
waste pickers for several years. "They are only concerned with carrying
waste to the landfill. They are paid on a tonnage basis, so many times all
of the mixed garbage goes to the landfill. There is no segregation."
Kumar said privatization is important because it is an essential public
service. "Urban development, population and economic growth have overgrown
the government machinery," he said, adding that the private sector is often
more organized and efficient.
Ramky manages waste collection in seven sizeable zones in the NDMC area and
will expand to an additional four areas by March, said Kumar.
This is bad news for rag pickers, said Bhushan. Many of them will have no
choice but to work for private firms. The only other choice they have will
be to be displaced, he said.
Although the contract between HRA and Ramky has been broken, Singh said he
will continue to work in Connaught Place to segregate what can be recycled
and sold, and put the remaining waste into Ramky's bins. He's been working
in the area for more than 30 years, sending money to his family in Himachal
Pradesh every chance he gets. He has no intention to leave just yet.
"In exchange for work, give us money," he says of what he wants from Ramky.
"The thing you have promised about employment and livelihood—give me that."
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From justin.pickard at gmail.com Wed Feb 13 17:30:04 2008
From: justin.pickard at gmail.com (Justin Pickard)
Date: Wed, 13 Feb 2008 12:00:04 +0000
Subject: [Urbanstudy] Of Roads and Widening Perspectives
In-Reply-To:
References: <7e230b560802060603j2fbf3b1bvb330e286b7d9bd4@mail.gmail.com>
<280435.87122.qm@web23005.mail.ird.yahoo.com>
Message-ID:
Hey Leo,
I don't know if this is quite what you're looking for, but Nikhil Anand (a
Stanford anthropology grad student) has a draft paper - 'Disconnecting
Experience'(link
opens pdf) - about roads in Mumbai.
Hope you can get some use out of it,
Justin Pickard
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From leofsaldanha at gmail.com Wed Feb 13 17:56:36 2008
From: leofsaldanha at gmail.com (ESGINDIA Gmail)
Date: Wed, 13 Feb 2008 17:56:36 +0530
Subject: [Urbanstudy] [Fwd: [Fwd: Design for SASEC transport project by
September]]
Message-ID: <47B2E1FC.4010904@gmail.com>
http://www.projectsmonitor.com/detailnews.asp?newsid=15497
*Design for SASEC transport project by September*
Venugopal Pillai
Japan and Asian Development Bank have targeted to complete the design of
the South Asia Subregional Economic Transport Logistics and Trade
Facilitation Project by September 2008. Dong-Soo Pyo, Principal
Financial Analysis Specialist of ADB's Southeast Asia Department, told
Projectmonitor that the design will be completed over six months from
April to September 2008. Consultants will soon be appointed, he added.
Japan is extending a $1 million grant to draw up the design while ADB
will manage the grant. The project will work towards improving
cross-border transport infrastructure and introducing movement of people
four member-countries of the South Asia Subregional Economic Cooperation
(SASEC) - India, Bangladesh, Bhutan and India.
The project comprises three parts including a two-lane 50-km road
corridor from Kakarvitta in Nepal to Banglabandha in Bangladesh, passing
through Panitanki-Fulbari in India. There will also be a rail link from
Akhaura in Bangladesh to Agartala in Tripura, India. The rail link would
be around 20 km, but the exact distance and its gauge will be known only
after the alignment study is complete, Dong-Soo Pyo said. A modernised
regime at key cross-border points also forms part of the project.
Across the mainland of South Asia, the original transport infrastructure
is already in place but has fallen into disuse and needs upgrading in
many areas. Apart from the inconvenience to travelers, these barriers
have raised the cost of travel and trade.
From bawazainab79 at gmail.com Fri Feb 15 00:23:45 2008
From: bawazainab79 at gmail.com (Zainab Bawa)
Date: Fri, 15 Feb 2008 00:23:45 +0530
Subject: [Urbanstudy] References/literature on metro rail systems
Message-ID:
Dear all,
I am working on an article/series of articles on the upcoming metro rail
project in Bangalore. I am looking for literature/references on metro rail
systems across the world in terms of the how metro rail systems work/don't
work for certain cities, displacements that have occurred owing to the
construction of the metro and the various social, economic and political
impacts of metro rail projects.
Thanks.
Cheers,
Zainab
--
Zainab Bawa
Ph.D. Student and Independent Researcher
Between Places ...
http://wbfs.wordpress.com
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From prem.cnt at gmail.com Sun Feb 17 01:30:46 2008
From: prem.cnt at gmail.com (Prem Chandavarkar)
Date: Sun, 17 Feb 2008 01:30:46 +0530
Subject: [Urbanstudy] [Reader-list] References/literature on metro rail
systems
In-Reply-To:
References:
Message-ID: <7e230b560802161200g4e30187agd244db086364621b@mail.gmail.com>
Dear Zainab,
I notice that elsewhere in this thread someone has suggested you contact
Dinesh Mohan. I endorse that, and in addition will refer you to a recent
issue of Seminar on the them of transportation in which he has written an
article which argues that metro rails only tend to work with cities that
have a dominant central business district. Since most Indian cities are
multi-centered, the effectiveness of a metro rail is reduced. Given this
fact, the investment when calculated on a cost per trip can be questioned on
whether it is the most effective expenditure of public funds. This is
especially given that there is no real debate of alternatives, and the metro
is typically presented as an unavoidable necessity.
All the best - would be interested in staying in touch with your research on
this topic.
Regards,
Prem
On 15/02/2008, Zainab Bawa wrote:
>
> Dear all,
>
> I am working on an article/series of articles on the upcoming metro rail
> project in Bangalore. I am looking for literature/references on metro rail
> systems across the world in terms of the how metro rail systems work/don't
> work for certain cities, displacements that have occurred owing to the
> construction of the metro and the various social, economic and political
> impacts of metro rail projects.
>
> Thanks.
>
> Cheers,
>
> Zainab
>
> --
> Zainab Bawa
> Ph.D. Student and Independent Researcher
>
> Between Places ...
> http://wbfs.wordpress.com
> _________________________________________
> reader-list: an open discussion list on media and the city.
> Critiques & Collaborations
> To subscribe: send an email to reader-list-request at sarai.net with
> subscribe in the subject header.
> To unsubscribe: https://mail.sarai.net/mailman/listinfo/reader-list
> List archive: <https://mail.sarai.net/pipermail/reader-list/>
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From cugambetta at yahoo.com Sun Feb 17 04:37:09 2008
From: cugambetta at yahoo.com (Curt Gambetta)
Date: Sat, 16 Feb 2008 15:07:09 -0800 (PST)
Subject: [Urbanstudy] Fw: H-ASIA: Mumbai-Dharavi Urban Typhoon Workshop Mar
16-22, 2008
Message-ID: <128881.14461.qm@web56802.mail.re3.yahoo.com>
----- Forwarded Message ----
From: Frank Conlon
To: H-ASIA at H-NET.MSU.EDU
Sent: Monday, February 11, 2008 12:05:46 PM
Subject: H-ASIA: Mumbai-Dharavi Urban Typhoon Workshop Mar 16-22, 2008
H-ASIA
February
11,
2008
Invitation
to
PUKAR
Urban
Typhoon
Workshop
in
Dharavi
(Mumbai),
March
16
to
22,
2008
*************************************************************************
From:
PUKAR
Dear
Friends,
This
is
an
invitation
to
participate
in
the
Urban
Typhoon
Workshop
to
be
held
in
Dharavi,
Mumbai
during
March
16
and
22,
2008.
(http://www.urbantyphoon.com)
The
workshop
is
being
organized
together
with
the
residents
of
Dharavi
Koliwada,
the
support
of
PUKAR,
a
Mumbai
based
research
collective
and
Asia
Initiatives.
Dharavi's
Koliwada
is
a
traditional
fisher
folk
community
in
one
of
Asia's
largest
informal
settlements.
Koliwada's
village
like
character
has
been
preserved
even
in
the
midst
of
the
dramatic
urban
and
demographic
changes
that
Mumbai
has
experienced
in
the
last
century.
The
workshop
will
produce
creative
design
alternatives
for
Koliwada
as
well
as
a
multimedia
testimony
to
the
unique
spirit
of
the
community.
This
workshop
will
also
be
an
experiment
in
participatory
planning
and
global
collaborative
work.
Architects,
urban
planners,
artists,
activist
and
legal
experts
from
India
and
the
rest
of
the
world
will
work
in
small
teams
with
local
residents.
At
the
end
of
the
workshop
all
the
produced
output
work
will
be
uploaded
on
a
community
owned
website.
This
material
could
then
be
used
to
inform
any
future
redevelopment
plan
-
whether
it
is
lead
by
the
government,
NGOs,
or
local
communities.
In
case
you
or
your
organization
is
interested
in
joining
the
workshop,
please
contact
us
at
the
earliest
-
through
the
website
-
(http://www.urbantyphoon.com.
We
look
forward
to
your
participation
and
are
confident
that
the
workshop
will
generate
innovative
ideas
through
this
rare
encounter
with
a
community
in
such
an
open
and
creative
environment.
The
Urban
Typhoon
2008
Committee
Ravi
Keny,
Secretary,
Koliwada-Dharavi
Association
Anita
Patil-Deshmukh,
Director,
PUKAR,
Mumbai
Geeta
Mehta,
Professor,
Temple
University,
Tokyo
Matias
Echanove,
Coordinator,
Urban
Typhoon,
University
of
Tokyo
Rahul
Srivastava,
Research
Advisor,
PUKAR,
Mumbai
and
others.
________________________________________________________________________________
PUKAR
(Partners
for
Urban
Knowledge,
Action
and
Research)
Address::
1-4,
2nd
Floor,
Kamanwala
Chambers,
Sir
P.
M.
Road,
Fort,
Mumbai
400
001
Telephone::
+91
(22)
6574
8152
Fax::
+91
(22)
6664
0561
Email::
pukar at pukar.org.in
Website::
www.pukar.org.in
******************************************************************
To
post
to
H-ASIA
simply
send
your
message
to:
For
holidays
or
short
absences
send
post
to:
with
message:
SET
H-ASIA
NOMAIL
Upon
return,
send
post
with
message
SET
H-ASIA
MAIL
H-ASIA
WEB
HOMEPAGE
URL:
http://h-net.msu.edu/~asia/
____________________________________________________________________________________
Looking for last minute shopping deals?
Find them fast with Yahoo! Search. http://tools.search.yahoo.com/newsearch/category.php?category=shopping
From cugambetta at yahoo.com Sun Feb 17 04:48:33 2008
From: cugambetta at yahoo.com (Curt Gambetta)
Date: Sat, 16 Feb 2008 15:18:33 -0800 (PST)
Subject: [Urbanstudy] Fw: PANEL SEARCH: New Towns in India (conference on
South Asia at Madison-Wisconsin, 10/2008)
Message-ID: <816592.85748.qm@web56809.mail.re3.yahoo.com>
Sorry if this forward is a repeat. Thought it might be of interest to people. -Curt
----- Forwarded Message ----
From: Nancy H Kwak
To: H-URBAN at H-NET.MSU.EDU
Sent: Friday, February 1, 2008 7:50:29 PM
Subject: PANEL SEARCH: New Towns in India (conference on South Asia at Madison-Wisconsin, 10/2008)
From:
Vandana
Baweja
I
am
a
Ph.D.
student
in
the
Doctoral
Program
in
History
and
Theory
of
Architecture
at
the
University
of
Michigan.
I
plan
to
propose
a
panel
on
"New
Towns
in
India"
at
the
37th
Annual
Conference
on
South
Asia,
to
be
held
on
October
16-18,
2008,
at
Madison-Wisconsin.
I
welcome
papers
on
the
history
of
New
Towns
in
India,
which
were
planned
after
the
partition.
These
New
Towns
include
capitals
such
as
Chandigarh,
Gandhinagar,
and
Bhubaneswar;
partition
resettlement
towns
such
as
Faridabad,
Nilokheri,
and
Gandhidham;
and
industrial
towns
such
Bhilai,
Rourkela,
and
Durgapur.
I
welcome
papers
on
any
aspect
of
New
Towns.
I
invite
paper
abstracts
of
250
words
from
scholars
working
on
South-Asian
Urban
History.
Please
email
the
abstract
and
your
CV
to
me
at
vbaweja at umich.edu
by
March
15,
2008.
Vandana
Baweja
University
of
Michigan
H-Urban:
http://www.h-net.org/~urban/
(including
logs
&
posting
guidelines)
Posting
Address:
h-urban at h-net.msu.edu
/
mailto:h-urban at h-net.msu.edu
(Click)
____________________________________________________________________________________
Be a better friend, newshound, and
know-it-all with Yahoo! Mobile. Try it now. http://mobile.yahoo.com/;_ylt=Ahu06i62sR8HDtDypao8Wcj9tAcJ
From aashu.gupta20 at gmail.com Sun Feb 17 10:03:47 2008
From: aashu.gupta20 at gmail.com (Aashish Gupta)
Date: Sun, 17 Feb 2008 10:03:47 +0530
Subject: [Urbanstudy] [Reader-list] References/literature on metro rail
systems
In-Reply-To: <7e230b560802161200g4e30187agd244db086364621b@mail.gmail.com>
References:
<7e230b560802161200g4e30187agd244db086364621b@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID:
also check out the Feb 8, 2008 issue of science, on cities.
available at
http://www.sciencemag.org/content/vol319/issue5864/index.dtl
> >
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From cupadhya at vsnl.com Sun Feb 17 12:30:23 2008
From: cupadhya at vsnl.com (Carol Upadhya)
Date: Sun, 17 Feb 2008 12:30:23 +0530
Subject: [Urbanstudy] [Reader-list]
References/literature onmetrorailsystems
References:
<"7e 230b560802161200g4e30187agd244db086364621b"@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <006701c87132$c83ca420$79c9fea9@user62hbhoacal>
Hi all, I also endorse the recommendation of Dinesh Mohan's work, and if you haven't seen it, Dinesh also has a piece in the next to last EPW with an excellent analysis of why metro rail systems are neither cost-effective nor environment friendly for Indian cities.
I'm glad that Zainab is working on this, there seems to be a singular absence of public debate -- at least in Bangalore -- on the new metro rail and the various other transport projects in the offing. Nor does there seem to be any sensible integrated planning for the city's transport needs, instead there are only last-minute ad hoc solutions. There has been some discussion on this list on the recent road widening campaign, but why do these discussions remain confined to small groups? Even the media have not highlighted these issues -- there seems to be a conspiracy of silence within the media and the middle class, who anyway seem to support whatever hairbrained schemes that appear to solve Bangalore's traffic problems. For instance, studies from around the world show that road widening does not decrease congestion. Why is this never discussed? First we had the elevated road over Hosur Road, now they want to do the same thing from Minsk Square to the Hebbal flyover!! In other words, they (whoever 'they' are) have woken up to the fact that this patchwork road widening going towards the new airport is not going to work. Infact, it will probably worsen matters. And all those nice trees sacrificed for nothing.
For those of us who live in Bangalore, perhaps we should think about initiating some action on this front -- also to support Leo's initiative on road widening. I would be happy to organise a discussion at NIAS, but would need help from others who know more about these issues than I do.
Carol Upadhya
----- Original Message -----
From: Prem Chandavarkar
To: Zainab Bawa
Cc: urbanstudygroup at sarai.net
Sent: Sunday, February 17, 2008 1:30 AM
Subject: Re: [Urbanstudy] [Reader-list] References/literature on metrorailsystems
Dear Zainab,
I notice that elsewhere in this thread someone has suggested you contact Dinesh Mohan. I endorse that, and in addition will refer you to a recent issue of Seminar on the them of transportation in which he has written an article which argues that metro rails only tend to work with cities that have a dominant central business district. Since most Indian cities are multi-centered, the effectiveness of a metro rail is reduced. Given this fact, the investment when calculated on a cost per trip can be questioned on whether it is the most effective expenditure of public funds. This is especially given that there is no real debate of alternatives, and the metro is typically presented as an unavoidable necessity.
All the best - would be interested in staying in touch with your research on this topic.
Regards,
Prem
On 15/02/2008, Zainab Bawa wrote:
Dear all,
I am working on an article/series of articles on the upcoming metro rail
project in Bangalore. I am looking for literature/references on metro rail
systems across the world in terms of the how metro rail systems work/don't
work for certain cities, displacements that have occurred owing to the
construction of the metro and the various social, economic and political
impacts of metro rail projects.
Thanks.
Cheers,
Zainab
--
Zainab Bawa
Ph.D. Student and Independent Researcher
Between Places ...
http://wbfs.wordpress.com
_________________________________________
reader-list: an open discussion list on media and the city.
Critiques & Collaborations
To subscribe: send an email to reader-list-request at sarai.net with subscribe in the subject header.
To unsubscribe: https://mail.sarai.net/mailman/listinfo/reader-list
List archive: <https://mail.sarai.net/pipermail/reader-list/>
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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From elkamath at yahoo.com Wed Feb 20 09:03:47 2008
From: elkamath at yahoo.com (lalitha kamath)
Date: Tue, 19 Feb 2008 19:33:47 -0800 (PST)
Subject: [Urbanstudy] =?utf-8?q?Gates_Foundation=E2=80=99s_Influence_Criti?=
=?utf-8?q?cized?=
Message-ID: <994284.51089.qm@web53609.mail.re2.yahoo.com>
FYI
http://www.nytimes.com/2008/02/16/science/16malaria.html?scp=1&sq=kochi&st=nyt
February 16, 2008
Gates Foundation's Influence Criticized
By DONALD G. McNEIL Jr.
The chief of malaria for the World Health Organization has complained
that the growing dominance of malaria research by the Bill and Melinda
Gates Foundation risks stifling a diversity of views among scientists
and wiping out the world health agency's policy-making function.
In a memorandum, the malaria chief, Dr. Arata Kochi, complained to his
boss, Dr. Margaret Chan, the director general of the W.H.O., that the
foundation's money, while crucial, could have "far-reaching, largely
unintended consequences."
Many of the world's leading malaria scientists are now "locked up in a
'cartel' with their own research funding being linked to those of
others within the group," Dr. Kochi wrote. Because "each has a vested
interest to safeguard the work of the others," he wrote, getting
independent reviews of research proposals "is becoming increasingly
difficult."
Also, he argued, the foundation's determination to have its favored
research used to guide the health organization's recommendations
"could have implicitly dangerous consequences on the policy-making
process in world health."
Dr. Tadataka Yamada, executive director of global health at the Gates
Foundation, disagreed with Dr. Kochi's conclusions, saying the
foundation did not second-guess or "hold captive" scientists or
research partnerships that it backed. "We encourage a lot of external
review," he said.
The memo, which was obtained by The New York Times, was written late
last year but circulated this week to the heads of several health
agency departments, with a note asking whether they were having
similar struggles with the Gates Foundation.
A spokeswoman for the director general said Dr. Chan saw the memo last
year but did not respond to it. It is "the view of one department, not
the W.H.O.'s view," said the spokeswoman, Christine McNab. The agency
has cordial relations with the foundation, and the agency's policies
are set by committees, which include others besides Gates-financed
scientists, she said.
The Gates Foundation has poured about $1.2 billion into malaria
research since 2000. In the late 1990s, as little as $84 million a
year was spent — largely by the United States military and health
institutes, along with European governments and foundations. Drug
makers had largely abandoned the field. (China was developing a drug,
artemisinin, that is now the cornerstone of treatment.)
The World Health Organization is a United Nations agency with a $4
billion budget. It gives advice on policies, evaluates treatments —
especially for poor countries — maintains a network of laboratories
and sends teams to fight outbreaks of diseases, like avian flu or
Ebola. It finances little research; for diseases of the poor, the
Gates Foundation is the world's biggest donor.
Dr. Kochi, an openly undiplomatic official who won admiration for
reorganizing the world fight against tuberculosis but was ousted from
that job partly because he offended donors like the Rockefeller
Foundation, called the Gates Foundation's decision-making "a closed
internal process, and as far as can be seen, accountable to none other
than itself."
Moreover, he added, the foundation "even takes its vested interest to
seeing the data it helped generate taken to policy."
As an example, he cited an intervention called intermittent preventive
treatment for infants, known as IPTi.
Other experts said IPTi involved giving babies doses of an older anti-
malaria drug, Fansidar, when they got their shots at 2 months, 3
months and 9 months. In early studies, it was shown to decrease
malaria cases about 25 percent. But each dose gave protection for only
a month. Since it is not safe or practical to give Fansidar constantly
to babies because it is a sulfa drug that can cause rare but deadly
reactions and because Fansidar-resistant malaria is growing, World
Health Organization scientists had doubts about it.
Nonetheless, Dr. Kochi wrote, although it was "less and less
straightforward" that the health agency should recommend it, the
agency's objections were met with "intense and aggressive opposition"
from Gates-backed scientists and the foundation. The W.H.O., he wrote,
needs to "stand up to such pressures and ensure that the review of
evidence is rigorously independent of vested interests."
Amir Attaran, a health policy expert at the University of Ottawa who
has criticized many players in the war on malaria, said he thought Dr.
Kochi's memo was "dead right." His own experience with Gates-financed
policy groups, he said, was that they are cowed into "stomach-churning
group think." But Dr. Attaran said he believed that scientists were
not afraid of the foundation, but of its chief of malaria, Dr. Regina
Rabinovich, whom he described as "autocratic."
Dr. Rabinovich, when told of Dr. Attaran's characterization, said she
did not want to respond. Dr. Yamada of the Gates Foundation called it
"unfortunate and inaccurate."
"I'm not a grantee of hers," he said, "but she's an extremely
knowledgeable leader. And if she has an opinion, she's entitled to
it." He said he did not know the details of the IPTi issue, but added
that researchers often differed about policy implications.
There have been hints in recent months that the World Health
Organization feels threatened by the growing power of the Gates
Foundation. Some scientists have said privately that it is "creating
its own W.H.O."
One oft-cited example is its $105 million grant to create the
Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation at the University of
Washington. Its mission is to judge, for example, which treatments
work or to rank countries' health systems.
These are core W.H.O. tasks, but the institute's new director, Dr.
Christopher J. L. Murray, formerly a health organization official,
said a new path was needed because the United Nations agency came
under pressure from member countries. His said his institute would be
independent of that.
_______________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
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From elkamath at yahoo.com Thu Feb 21 14:42:09 2008
From: elkamath at yahoo.com (lalitha kamath)
Date: Thu, 21 Feb 2008 01:12:09 -0800 (PST)
Subject: [Urbanstudy] Fwd: Imp:R&R and Land Acquisition-Memorandu
Message-ID: <71909.53952.qm@web53612.mail.re2.yahoo.com>
FYI
Subject: Imp:R&R and Land Acquisition-Memorandum
Dear Friends,
Not a day passes by when newspapers or channels in India does not have a story on yet another land acquisition, another resistance against corporate land grab or police atrocities on peaceful demonstrators. Not a single part of the country is untouched by this phenomenon be it Narmada, Kalinga Nagar, Raigad, Singur, Nandigram, Bhadohi, Nandgudi, Jagatsingpur, Gorai, or many such places elsewhere.
It is in the midst of these that the UPA led Government at the Centre has brought out the much-awaited draft Bill on Rehabilitation and Resettlement along with the amendments to Land Acquisition Act 1894 first brought out by the rural Development Ministry and now endorsed by the Union Cabinet.. After several debates and negotiations, these two instruments remain a justification for displacement. The Parliamentary Committee on Rural Affairs has put the legislations on the website for comments and suggestions till February 22 2008.
People's movements have been demanding larger consultations on these bills, before their presentation in the Parliament. It is in this context that on behalf of several people's movements that have been resisting displacement, Sangharsh 2007, National Alliance of People's Movement (NAPM), and its various constituents called for a two-day National Strategy meeting on the National R&R bill and the LA Amendment Bill 2007 in New Delhi on the 10th & 11th February 2008.
Both the Bills continue to legitimise displacement by the accepting the state's 'eminent domain' on land and accepting the concept of involuntary displacement. Other areas of concern include the absence of clear cut mechanisms and procedures for implementation of the clauses like Social Impact Assessment; the non recognition of the need for 'consent' of the gram sabha for before projects are implemented.
The Meeting rejected both the Bills and reiterated the long standing demand of people's movements to promulgate a comprehensive legislation on Development Planning, No enforced displacement, and Just rehabilitation and wider consultation. It was also demanded that the government bring out a White Paper on all the land acquired using the Land Acquisition Act in past, current utilisation of the acquired land and the status of the rehabilitation of the displaced persons as a result of such acquisition before these Bills are considered.
We call on all groups across the country to oppose both the Bills by organizing discussions and actions on this issue in their respective state capitals or districts on 4th March 2008.
Please also find a draft Memorandum prepared on the basis of discussions and decisions of the National Strategy Meeting attached with this letter. Kindly endorse this by sending by sending us an email at action2007 at gmail.com by 21st February 2008 or use the draft to send the Memorandum individually or/and in the name of your group. These may be posted to Smt. Sudesh Luthra, Director, Lok Sabha Secretariat, Room No. 151, Parliament House Annexe, New Delhi-110001, in a sealed cover so as to reach her on or before 22nd February, 2008. The memoranda can also be faxed. (Fax No. 011-23010756). Please ensure that your representation reaches the Ministry by fax of post by the 22nd February 2008.
Please do forward this information groups and individuals in your area and network.
Sincerely
Gautam Bandopadhyay, Medha Patkar, Ashok Choudhury, Rajendra Ravi, Vimalbhai, Bijulal MV, Anil Choudhary, Bhupinder Rawat, Ulka Mahajan, Anand Mazgoankar, Gabriele D. P Chennaiah, Sr.Celia, Thomas Kocherry, Vijayan MJ
On Behalf of Sangharsh 2007, National Alliance of People's Movement (NAPM), and its various constituents
--
www.action2007.net
Delhi Office: Action 2007, 1-A, Goela Lane, Under Hill Road Civil Lines, Delhi – 110054
Tel.: 011-23933307, (0)9868200316 E-Mail: action2007 at gmail.com
Mumbai Office: Action 2007, C/0 Chemical Mazdoor Sabha, 29-30, First Floor, 'A wing' Haji Habib Building, Naigaon Cross Road, Dadar (East), Mumbai-400014, Tel.: 022-24150529, (0)9969363065
--
In Solidarity,
Delhi Forum
F-10/12, Malviya Nagar
New Delhi - 110017 INDIA
Phones: +91-11-26680883/26680914
Emails: dforum at bol.net.in / delhiforum at gmail.com
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From elkamath at yahoo.com Thu Feb 21 17:52:47 2008
From: elkamath at yahoo.com (lalitha kamath)
Date: Thu, 21 Feb 2008 04:22:47 -0800 (PST)
Subject: [Urbanstudy] Fw: Gates foundation again,
this time facing fire wrt its green revoln program in africa
Message-ID: <325880.33974.qm@web53604.mail.re2.yahoo.com>
As a follow up to the last post on the wide-ranging influence of the Gates Foundation, this article focuses on Gates and Rockefeller foundations efforts to forge a green revolution in Africa. Critics fault the program as a trojan horse to promote the fertilizer-pesticide-GM seed lobbies. Whats also of interest is that doubts about the program's efficacy are based in large part on problems in implementation in india...
Business Daily Africa
http://www.bdafrica.com:80/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=5936&Itemid=5811
Written by Wanjiru Waithaka
February 18, 2008: Agriculture experts have criticised a programme
seeking to restore soil fertility in Kenya and other African countries,
saying that similar programmes implemented in India and elsewhere
aggravated farmer's problems instead of providing solutions.
At stake is the future of the continent's agricultural practices —what
is grown, how it is grown, who gets to grow it, who processes it, who
sells it and where and how much the African consumer will pay.
The programme is an initiative of the Alliance for a Green Revolution in
Africa (Agra), which recently announced that it was committing $180
million to the five-year project in 13 African countries. Agra's soil
health programme is targeted at small scale farmers and aims to increase
farm yields and incomes by giving farmers seeds and inputs such as
fertilizers through licensed agro-dealers.
The Sh12.6 billion grant has been funded by the Bill and Melinda Gates
Foundation (Sh11.55 billion) and the Rockefeller Foundation (Sh1.05
billion).
Kenya's pilot project started last year and farmers have been receiving
a Sh6,000 voucher from the Government enabling them to acquire various
farm inputs like seeds, fertilisers, stock borer dust and post-harvest
pesticides. Agro-dealers in major towns are being trained on how to
handle farmers and supported financially to have enough stocks to ensure
farmers have adequate supply. 8,000 farmers in 10 districts across the
country, mainly in Western Kenya are currently signed up.
In Chuka and Runyenjes, the programme is being made sustainable by
compelling farmers to give to the village programme coordinator about
five bags of the harvest, which is collectively sold and used to buy
inputs for the next planting season.
In western Kenya, farmers who meet every day or the last day of the week
to discuss farming issues also deposit about Sh10 per day each. The
money is deposited with an agro-dealer and used to purchase inputs when
the planting season arrives.
Critics, however say that Agra's programmes are a Trojan horse for
genetically modified seeds which in Africa have only been fully embraced
by South Africa. Although popular in many regions of the world GMO use
in Africa has been hindered by safety concerns and regulatory issues
even though the continent is in dire need of boosting its food production.
Agra has also been accused of fronting for seed and fertilizer companies
in the West such as Syngenta and Monsanto that are hungry to take a
slice of the African seed market.
"Although Agra does not on the face of it promote the use of GM
technologies, 70 organisations from 12 African countries see Agra as
shifting African agriculture to a system dependent on expensive, harmful
chemicals, monocultures of hybrid seeds, and ultimately GMOs," says the
African Centre for Biosafety in a paper authored by Mariam Mayet.
"These groups argue that the Green Revolution under the guise of solving
hunger in Africa is nothing more than a push for a parasitic
corporate-controlled chemical system of agriculture that will feed on
Africa's rich biodiversity," she says.
These concerns were also echoed by participants from 25 countries
representing farmers, agricultural and pastoralist organisations at a
forum held in Mali from November 25 to December 2 last year to discuss
the pitfalls of Green Revolution in Africa.
"Once the mask of philanthropy is removed, we find profit-hungry
corporations vying to control the seed market in African countries,
create a path for genetically modified seeds and foods and to pry open a
market for chemical fertilizers—which in turn will have an adverse
effect on African indigenous seed populations and destroy bio-diversity,
not to mention the devastation of the environment and the salination
of the soil," said Mukoma wa Ngugi, co-editor of Pambazuka News in a
recent commentary in Business Daily.
Agra's programme has been likened to Monsato's "Seeds of Hope Campaign"
in South Africa. The company which has a strong foothold in South
Africa's seed industry introduced 'Combi-Packs' containing hybrid maize
seed, some fertilizer, and some herbicide.
The company also promotes 'no or low till farming' meant to meant to be
a minimally invasive conservation farming technique, in that farmers do
not plough or till the land.
Instead, they cut small furrows for the seeds. This farming practice
entails negligible soil disturbance, maintenance of a permanent
vegetative soil cover, direct sowing, and sound crop rotation and is
particularly beneficial for smallholder farmers, because there is no
need to use a tractor, a major cost saving.
However, using this technique requires the increased use of herbicides,
since weeds are not removed by tilling the land, and Monsanto is
therefore a fervent supporter of this technique says Ms Mayet.
"Several studies have shown that Monsanto's Roundup herbicide is a
threat to human health; not only a hormone-disruptor, but is also
associated with birth defects in humans," she says. In most areas these
packs are sold through private agents. They are substantially more
expensive than conventional seed and usually subsidized meaning that
withdrawal of state support will leave poor farmers out in the cold, in
a replica of the first Green Revolution in India in the 1960s.
Dr. Namanga Ngongi, Agra's president, says comparing Agra's programmes
with those of Monsanto in South Africa is a mistaken view of Agra.
"Agra's seed programme is firmly rooted in conventional breeding and the
use of Africa's rich agro-biodiversity. We will use indigenous crop
varieties that are adapted to the various agro-ecological zones of the
continent," he says.
"Green revolution" was first coined in 1968 to describe the success in
increasing yields in wheat, maize and rice in India and Southeast Asia.
The essential features of that model comprised of a technology package
involving the use of external inputs such as inorganic fertilizers,
herbicides, pesticides, laboratory developed hybrid seeds, mechanisation
and extensive irrigation projects.
The Rockerfeller Foundation which is also financing Agra played a
crucial role in promoting this technology package that also formed the
basis of agriculture development aid and assistance at that time.
"These varieties only produced the desired 'high yielding' results if
there was irrigation, mechanisation, and plenty of chemical fertilisers
(the real key) and pesticides," says Grain, an international
non-governmental organisation which promotes the sustainable management
and use of agricultural biodiversity based on people's control over
genetic resources and local knowledge.
Under the programme, India increased its wheat production ten-fold and
its rice production three-fold. But the country paid a heavy price. "The
use of large amounts of water, fertilisers and chemical pesticides
impoverished soils, leaving them less fertile and highly polluted," says
Grain in a paper titled 'A new Green Revolution for Africa?'
Local biodiversity was drastically reduced, bringing farmers under the
dependence of pesticide manufacturers and outside seed suppliers.
"The profound cultural and economic changes wrought by the Green
Revolution produced a massive rural exodus, and, with it, a profound
loss of traditional knowledge and skills. For most farmers, any early
profits were soon converted into debts, with many farmers, unable to
repay their debts, taking their own lives," says the NGO.
Dr. Ngongi disagrees with this assessment of Asia's green revolution.
"Asia's green revolution saved many millions of lives and contributed
immensely to the dynamic economic performance of Asian countries. Yes,
it also had some negative impact on small-scale farmers and on the
environment. However, the positives greatly outweighed the negatives,"
he says adding that an African green revolution has the advantage of
learning from the errors that were committed when Asia was launching its
green revolution.
Dr Ngongi says that misuse of fertilizers, improper and uncontrolled use
of water, the construction of huge dams, and the concentration on
breeding a few miracle varieties of a few crops are now well understood
and will not be repeated.
"Agra's approach is to work with national institutions, in both public
and private sector in close partnership with farmers, especially
small-scale farmers, most of whom are women, to resolve problems that
have a negative impact on farmers' productivity and incomes," he says.
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DEBATE at debate.kabissa.org
http://lists.kabissa.org/mailman/listinfo/debate
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From debsinha at gmail.com Thu Feb 21 21:46:48 2008
From: debsinha at gmail.com (Deb Ranjan Sinha (Gmail))
Date: Thu, 21 Feb 2008 11:16:48 -0500
Subject: [Urbanstudy] New Journal - Human Geography
Message-ID: <022c01c874a5$2f703dd0$0200000a@PAGOL>
Human Geography
A New Journal
Published by the Institute for Human Geography Inc, a non-profit charitable
foundation incorporated in the State of Massachusetts, US. Mass ID number
000971232
Address: P.O. Box 307, Bolton, Massachusetts, 01740-0307 US
Email Address: insthugeog at gmail.com
Call for submissions and donations
We are starting a new journal in Human Geography broadly conceived to cover
topics ranging from geopolitics, through cultural and economic issues, to
political ecology. We envisage a well written, critical, intellectual
journal, not full of empirical detail, and not encumbered by too many
citations, a journal that can be read in its entirety. The journal will be
peer reviewed but we want to give positive, helpful reviews of papers, and
not savage them or decline to publish based on minor points made by
reviewers who hide behind anonymity. We plan a mix of longer papers up to
7500 words and shorter papers of up to 3000 words, with timely opinion
pieces and book review essays interspersed within the body of the main text
of the journal. We plan a paper version of the journal for the moment,
followed soon after by a web site with multi-media content.
The proposal to start the journal is motivated by two main concerns:
(1) Need to retain control of the value produced by academic labor. Over
the last twenty years, journals that once were owned and produced by
universities and academic and professional associations have come to be
controlled, in part or in whole, by publishing houses that increasingly are
concentrated in a few multinational media conglomerates. This means that the
surplus (monetary) value produced by the academic labor that writes the
content of journals ends up as profit for media capital. It also means that
corporations control the fund of knowledge produced by academic labor. We
are determined to resist this trend 'Take Back Our Knowledge'. Hence we
have founded a non-profit corporation 'Institute for Human Geography Inc',
as owner of a new journal Human Geography the Institute's officers are
drawn from the Board of Editors. This Institute will not establish relations
of any kind with commercial publishing houses. Let it be clear, we are not
proposing an open access, web based journal. However, individual
subscriptions, when offered later this year, will be at a low cost, with
institutional subscriptions at a moderate cost, and certainly less than they
are being charged at the moment multinational publishers charge
institutions annual subscription rates in the range of $250-$5000 a year. A
single journal can generate half a million to a million dollars a year in
profit. We could use this money to sponsor radical research, but only if
ownership and control over the knowledge we produce is kept out of corporate
hands. As soon as we have a surplus we will announce the availability of
radical-geographic research grants, and appoint a committee to administer
them.
(2) Need for a new publishing outlet for articles on topics of political
significance conceived from critical, perspectives. The critical politics
that fueled the radical geography movement are being dissipated in
philosophical-theoretical niceties and empirical evasions. Particularly,
articles written from specifically Marxian philosophical-theoretical and
political positions face a difficult time -- young academics have to deny
their radical politics to get published. While we can try to change this,
we feel it is necessary to also begin a new journal that consciously favors
political as well as theoretically-based articles from various left
positions that definitely include socialism. Additionally the wide range of
urgent social and political issues thrown up by capitalist globalization is
not being fully addressed. Some of the most basic issues (the Iraq War,
global finance capitalism, environmental crisis) are hardly mentioned in
the existing journals. Hence we favor a new, more extensive and politically
inclusive journal of broadly, but very politically, conceived Human
Geography.
So we announce the start of a new journal called Human Geography. We invite
your interest, comment and support. We could use donations to fuel the
start-up of the journal please make checks out to Institute for Human
Geography, and $100 gets you two years of free issues. We invite you to
submit papers, opinion pieces, reviews and editorials to our editorial
board. If you have an idea for a contribution let us know what you have in
mind, so that we can provide immediate feedback please email your proposal
or paper to the respective editors:
Richard Peet (rpeet at clarku.edu) for substantive articles
Derek Gregory (gregory at geog.ubc.ca) for opinion pieces and editorials
Salvatore Engel-DiMauro (engeldis at newpaltz.edu) for book reviews and review
essays
Human Geography Editor: Richard Peet, Graduate School of Geography, Clark
University
Editorials and Opinions Editor: Derek Gregory, Department of Geography,
University of British Columbia
Book Review Editor: Salvatore Engel-DiMauro, Department of Geography, SUNY
New Paltz
Editorial Board:
Waquar Ahmed, Pennsylvania State University
Swapna Banerjee-Guha, Tata Institute of Social Sciences
Patrick Bond, University of KwaZulu-Natal
Myrna Breitbart, Hampshire College
B.S. Butola, Jawaharlal Nehru University
Ipsita Chatterjee, Pennsylvania State University
Kevin Cox, Ohio State University
Mike Davis, University of California, Irvine
Annette Desmarais, University of Regina
Jody Emel, Clark University
Salvatore Engel-DiMauro, State University of New York, New Paltz
Emily Gilbert, University of Toronto
Ruthie Gilmore, University of Southern California.
Jim Glassman, University of British Columbia
Jon Goss, University of Hawaii
Derek Gregory, University of British Columbia
Elaine Hartwick, Framingham State College
David Harvey, City University of New York
Andy Herod, University of Georgia
Nik Heynen, University of Georgia
Maria Kaika, Manchester University
Mazen Labban, University of Miami
Jenna Loyd , Syracuse University
Bernardo Mançano Fernandes, State University of Sao Paulo
Geoff Mann, Simon Fraser University
Don Mitchell, Syracuse University
Jeronimo Montero, Durham University
Phil O¹Keefe, Northumbria University
Phil O¹Neill, University of Western Sydney
Richard Peet, Clark University
Laura Pulido, University of Southern California
Eric Sheppard, University of Minnesota
Neil Smith, City University of New York
Ed Soja, University of California, Los Angeles
Erik Swyngedouw, Manchester University
Wing Shing Tang, Hong Kong Baptist University
Michael Watts, University of California, Berkeley
Jane Wills, Queen Mary College, University of London
Bobby Wilson, University of Alabama
From yanivbin at gmail.com Fri Feb 22 22:38:37 2008
From: yanivbin at gmail.com (Vinay Baindur)
Date: Fri, 22 Feb 2008 22:38:37 +0530
Subject: [Urbanstudy] Urban health mission to cover 100 cities in phase I
Message-ID: <86b8a7050802220908t4bf5484er35f3918f0fa5b53@mail.gmail.com>
FYI
Vinay
*
Urban health mission to cover 100 cities in phase I * Aarti Dhar
NEW DELHI: The National Urban Health Mission (NUHM) will cover 100 cities,
including the four metros and Bangalore, in the first phase.
Of the 429 cities identified for the five-year-mission, which aims at
improving the health of the urban poor and other disadvantaged sections,
facilitating access to the health system, the remaining 329 will be covered
in the second phase. This will benefit 22 crore people, with the focus on a
five-crore slum population.
All cities with a population above one lakh, State capitals and even
district headquarters will be brought under NUHM purview.
"This is the second largest health programme that will fill the lacunae
created after the implementation of the National Rural Health Mission (NRHM)
and take care of the unmet needs in the fast urbanisation process," Union
Health Minister Anbumani Ramadoss told *The Hindu* here on Wednesday.
* Focus on private participation*
The Rs. 9,159-crore mission, to be launched in a few months, would focus on
private participation and insurance. "The scheme is likely to take off much
faster due to awareness, presence of non-governmental organisations and
better accessibility in the cities."
The Ministry proposed to implement the programme by strengthening the
existing systems, rationalising manpower and resources, and filling the gaps
in service delivery through private-public partnerships. "The guidelines for
administration and operationalisation of the mission will flow from the NRHM
which will then be implemented by urban civic bodies," Dr. Ramadoss said.
As far as possible, the NUHM would converge with institutional structures
such as the Jawaharlal Nehru National Renewal Mission and the Integrated
Child Development Services.
The mission would need 4,500 Urban Health Centres acting as focal points; of
these 2,500 existing structures would be strengthened, followed by priority
to private-public partnership and creation of infrastructure. Each centre
would be a referral point with the facilities of out-patient department,
immunisation and maternal healthcare.
Accredited Social Health Activists (ASHAs) of the NRHM in the cities would
be known as Urban Social Health Activists (USHAs), each catering for a
population of 2,000. As many as 25,000 USHAs would be put in place by 2012.
There was also a provision for community risk pooling through the Mahila
Arogya Samiti, which is based on the concept of self-help groups, so that
money would be easily available during a crisis.
*Date:22/02/2008* *URL:
http://www.thehindu.com/2008/02/22/stories/2008022256041400.htm*
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From yanivbin at gmail.com Sat Feb 23 09:55:06 2008
From: yanivbin at gmail.com (Vinay Baindur)
Date: Sat, 23 Feb 2008 09:55:06 +0530
Subject: [Urbanstudy] Fwd: [sustran] Delhi BRT
In-Reply-To: <17143.92310.qm@web94612.mail.in2.yahoo.com>
References: <17143.92310.qm@web94612.mail.in2.yahoo.com>
Message-ID: <86b8a7050802222025y22098d8bi56949d122260de99@mail.gmail.com>
Fwding mail from Sustran net
FYI
---------- Forwarded message ----------
From: CP Bhatnagar
Date: Fri, Feb 22, 2008 at 10:19 AM
Subject: [sustran] Delhi BRT
To: sustran-discuss at jca.apc.org
This project is currently hogging newspaper headlines on account of its
failure and has built-up considerable opposition in almost all circles. As
someone who has been directly involved in this project, let me give my
insider's perspective.
I got involved in the ITS aspect of what was the HCBS project, now
re-christened BRT (after I argued in a note that the system proposed was not
a high capacity one at all!). Initially, while a DIMTS employee, I had
argued that the two terms had different connotations- this was then not
accepted and I was told that two were one and the same.
Later on, when it came to the ITS tendering, I designed a comprehensive ITS
making assumptions that it was to be 1. a 'closed' system and 2. a 'high
capacity' system (though these high capacities may take several years to
materialize). Only then could we claim that a capacity about the same as the
Metro, but at 1/10th cost could be achieved. Incidentally, failure on the
HCBS front has also resulted in boosting of the Metro project, though at 10x
the cost and at the expense of ruining the city's landscape. I was told that
the ITS had not been budgeted for at all (whereas at least 10% cost should
have been)!
The 'closed, high-capacity system' could ideally be along say, a North-South
corridor since north-south traffic has currently to take the circuitous Ring
Road route. Sensibly, there is now some talk of extending the current
Ambedkar Nagar (south Delhi) to Delhi Gate to Jahangir Puri (north Delhi).
Similarly East-West. Only ITS compatible buses would use the central
reserved lanes. Ideally, only dedicated, single end-to-end route, with
feeder services.
The high capacity would be achieved through: 1. high-capacity buses (it is
not clear as to why Trolley buses are not being used in Delhi as are
elsewhere e.g. in Bagota. In fact, electric trolley buses- ETBs should be
used keeping in mind the tremendous pollution problem in Delhi. CNG in fact
is better used for power generation, fertilizers etc. than for
transportation) and 2. ITS similar to that of the Metro, wherein the track
length is divided into communication 'cells' which directly 'talk' to the
moving vehicles along it. While the Metro uses the tracks as a medium, in
HCBS, the connection will have to be Wireless (which in turn through an
Optic fibre link to the control room). With the coming in of Wi-Max in
India, such networking possibilities are enhanced.
Instead of this, what was decided was: 1. an 'open system' wherein any bus
could come into the corridor (possibly under political pressure since
powerful nearby area Councillors put pressure) and 2. a BRT system, rather
than a HCBS one, wherein each bus would merely have a GPS. It may be noted
that GPS has already proved unfeasible in the past as well. The information
furnished by GPS merely tells us about the timeliness of the service and
does in no way serve as a communication or a networking medium.
The problem has lain in the heart of the DIMTS organization- set up as a
'special purpose vehicle', which manages the project. It has government
retired old fogies in its roll, who have little incentive to perform,
totally out of touch with recent advances in technology. Then there is the
'patronage' factor. Civil engineers who have scarcely seen the inside of a
bus are masquerading as transportation experts, even while they cannot bring
half the excellence should by the Metro in handling one single BRT corridor-
the bad signages and re-routing have resulted in 4 fatalities. Hopefully,
things may get better after the conversion of DIMTS into a PPP venture.
There is also little concern at DIMTS about taking the 'system design' in
its own hands, employing in-house experts for the purpose, rather than
trying to merely serve as a supervising agency.
As for me, I am an IITian with 3 engineering and management degrees and the
best of experience. But considering the way I was treated, despite some
outstanding work at DIMTS, I had little option but to leave.
C.P.Bhatnagar
Forgot the famous last words? Access your message archive online at
http://in.messenger.yahoo.com/webmessengerpromo.php
- --------------------------------------------------------
IMPORTANT NOTE to everyone who gets sustran-discuss messages via
YAHOOGROUPS.
Please go to http://list.jca.apc.org/manage/listinfo/sustran-discuss to join
the real sustran-discuss and get full membership rights. The yahoogroups
version is only a mirror and 'members' there cannot post to the real
sustran-discuss (even if the yahoogroups site makes it seem like you can).
Apologies for the confusing arrangement.
================================================================
SUSTRAN-DISCUSS is a forum devoted to discussion of people-centred,
equitable and sustainable transport with a focus on developing countries
(the 'Global South').
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From yanivbin at gmail.com Sat Feb 23 12:08:47 2008
From: yanivbin at gmail.com (Vinay Baindur)
Date: Sat, 23 Feb 2008 12:08:47 +0530
Subject: [Urbanstudy] A bad week for Bus Rapid Transit in Delhi
Message-ID: <86b8a7050802222238p3037c8e5u3199461fd5cf47e2@mail.gmail.com>
*A highly dominating role by the anti-bus - print-press*
This is probably a fight between the cars and the poor on the roads, in
which the ToI / HT media speaks for the cars by proxy and the HCBS for the
poor who can travel and have benefitted by it.
This is not a new binary but if buses squeeze out car space then will the
car users go on to Metro and leave the road space for the urban lower middle
class and the poor, who need the subsidy which the Delhi Metro is already
taking away? If the rationale is that all over the world public transport
does not make profits or break even then does the bus system also deserve
some of it...
Vinay
http://reinventingtransport.blogspot.com/ Wednesday, February 20, 2008 A
bad week for BRT in
Delhi
A backlash against BRT has been hitting Delhi.
Delhi's BRT, or High Capacity Bus System (HCBS) as it is often known in
India, has been facing a barrage of vitriolic newspaper attacks. These have
included quite vicious assaults on the credibility of IIT Delhi academics,
Dinesh Mohan and Geetam Tiwari, who have championed and helped design the
system (if you follow the link, click on
'urban transport').
Anti-BRT headlines have included:
- 'Experts' order serial rape of Delhi roads (in the Pioneer)
- Will somebody wake up to stop this HCBS madness? (Pioneer)
- Buses Hog Space, Cars Squeezed Out (Times of India, Nov 16, 2007)
Unfortunately, it appears that these and similar attacks have now drawn a
political response. Yesterday, the Chief Minister of Delhi, Sheila Dikshit,
was reported
(somewhat
triumphantly by the Times of India) to have halted further BRT development
beyond the initial corridor's first phase. Other routes will apparently need
to wait until the initial project proves its worth. It is under construction
and due to open in August.
See hereand
here
for
other viewpoints, for some of the text of the articles mentioned above, and
for some analysis of this media phenomenon.
A
model of part of Delhi's initial BRT corridor by the IIT-Delhi team.
Delhi is not alone in its BRT troubles. For example, Jakarta's busways faced
setbacks late in 2007, with several corridors forced to open to mixed
traffic. This was a response to media uproar over congestion that was
attributed to busway construction and a poor level of bus service on the
most recently-opened corridors. A Jakarta Post article provides some
background (cache version
here).
If you read Bahasa Indonesia then consult the Batavia
Buswayblog for more insight and
updates.
Posted by Paul Barter at 5:57
PM
0
comments
Links
to this post
Labels: Bus Rapid
Transit,
Delhi ,
Jakarta,
media
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From govind_029 at yahoo.com Sat Feb 23 12:31:15 2008
From: govind_029 at yahoo.com (Govind Singh)
Date: Fri, 22 Feb 2008 23:01:15 -0800 (PST)
Subject: [Urbanstudy] New Member Intro.
Message-ID: <318437.67690.qm@web54505.mail.re2.yahoo.com>
Hello All,
This is Govind Singh, from the School of Environmental Studies, University of Delhi. I am pursuing my PhD (started about a month ago) on the Urban Ecology of Delhi. Mainly keeping it focused on the issue of water and wastewater scenario in Delhi (and urbanisation), mine is a highly interdisciplinary work that ultimately would talk of sustainability appraisal (the big brother of both EIA and SEA) of the city's urban sprawl, while also talking about the city's ecological history and find the relationship between urbanisation and the depleting surface water bodies (including the Yamuna's depleting quantity and quality) in Delhi.
I would also be working on other uban issues viz. transport, air quality, etc. all of which would be required to be studied for the purpose of carrying out a meaningful sustainable appraisal.
I am browsing the group and the posts and am sure can and will learn a lot from all the interactions here..
Warm Regards
Govind Singh
Research Scholar
School of Environmental Studies
University of Delhi
Delhi - 110 007
---------------------------------
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From govind_029 at yahoo.com Sat Feb 23 12:35:35 2008
From: govind_029 at yahoo.com (Govind Singh)
Date: Fri, 22 Feb 2008 23:05:35 -0800 (PST)
Subject: [Urbanstudy] Event Notification - Big Bird Day Sunday!
Message-ID: <698785.21820.qm@web54503.mail.re2.yahoo.com>
Dear All,
The Northern Indian Bird Network (DelhiBird.Net), in collaboration with WWF-India and the School of Environmental Studies, University of Delhi (SES, DU) is celebrating Sunday, 24th February 2008 as the BIG BIRD DAY!
The plan is to have a few teams start at different places in Delhi and get as many species of birds recorded as possible for the day. Last year, the count was 188 while two years ago, it was 236.
Anyone can join any team for the walk. From there the team would then go to the next place of their choice. In the evening the teams meet over contributory dinner, discuss the day and make the final tally.
The School of Environmental Studies, University of Delhi is leading two teams for the event. The first, led by Faiyaz Sir starts from the entry gate of the Yamuna Biodiversity Park (Near Buradi) at 7.00 AM, while the second, led by Professor Mihir Deb (Director, SES) will cover the Kamla Nehru (North Delhi) Ridge and the University Campus. The second team meets at 6.30 AM at the Vishwavidyalya Metro Station (you can also join us at SES at 6.45 AM).
In addition, and as mentioned before, different teams head for different parts of the city. To find a team near you, please click the following link: http://delhigreens.wordpress.com/2008/02/21/big-bird-day-sunday/
DelhiBird.Net has prepared a checklist of birds, especially for the event. It can be downloaded at the above link. Also available on the above link: the advertisement of the event by the Department of Environment, Govt. of NCT of Delhi.
Hope to see you (somewhere) there!
Warm Regards
Govind Singh
98111 47754
Event Coordinator (Voluntary)
(On behalf of DelhiBird.Net
and SES, DU)
---------------------------------
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From cugambetta at yahoo.com Sun Feb 24 11:12:01 2008
From: cugambetta at yahoo.com (Curt Gambetta)
Date: Sat, 23 Feb 2008 21:42:01 -0800 (PST)
Subject: [Urbanstudy] Fw: Padma Preview Invitation
Message-ID: <611600.57656.qm@web56810.mail.re3.yahoo.com>
----- Forwarded Message ----
From: shaina a
To: launch at pad.ma
Sent: Friday, February 22, 2008 12:12:16 PM
Subject: Padma Preview Invitation
Dear all, you are invited to
A Preview of PAD.MA:
the public access digital media archive.
Thursday, 28th february 2008
6:00pm
Jnanapravaha,
3rd floor, Queen's Mansion,
(Opposite Gallery Chemould)
G.Talwatkar Marg,
Fort, Mumbai-1.
For directions, see: http://camputer.org/images/jnanaMap.jpg
Event Timeline:
6:00 pm.
Introductions, and the Collaborative Project: Shaina Anand, Ashok Sukumaran.
The Dominant, the Residual and the Emergent in the Imagination of the Archive: Lawrence
Liang.
Lost/Found/made Public, Images to Narratives: Madhusree Dutta.
Introduction to a True History of Digital Video: Sebastian Luetgert,
and the unveiling of pad.ma website with
Jan Gerber.
7:30 pm. Interval: Browse through the archive over tea and snacks.
Followed by presentations on:
Legal framework.
Practical FAQs, and on how you can contribute.
Q and A session, moderated by Bishakha Dutta.
___
PAD.MA is an online
archive of video material, primarily footage and not finished films, which have
been densely text-annotated. The entire collection is searchable and viewable
online, and is free to download for non-commercial use.
We see PAD.MA as a way of
opening up a set of images, intentions and effects present in video footage,
resources that conventions of video- making, editing and spectatorship have
tended to suppress, or leave behind. This expanded treatment then points to other, political potentials
for such material, and leads us into lesser-known territories for video
itself... beyond the finite documentary film or the online video clip.
The design of the archive makes possible various types of "viewing", and
contextualisation: from an overview of themes and timelines to much closer
readings of transcribed dialogue and geographical locations, to layers of
"writing" on top of the image material.
Descriptions, keywords and other annotations have been placed on timelines by
both archive contributors and users. At the moment, PAD.MA has approximately 150 "events" on video,
mostly from Mumbai and Bangalore.
This adds up to about 100 hours of fully transcribed video footage, which we
expect to grow to more than 400 hours by early 2009.
The PAD.MA project is
initiated by a group consisting of oil21.org from
Berlin, the Alternative Law Forum
from Bangalore, and three organisations from Mumbai: Majlis, Point
of View and chitrakarkhana.net /CAMP.
____________________________________________________________________________________
Be a better friend, newshound, and
know-it-all with Yahoo! Mobile. Try it now. http://mobile.yahoo.com/;_ylt=Ahu06i62sR8HDtDypao8Wcj9tAcJ
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From kalakamra at gmail.com Thu Feb 28 03:59:36 2008
From: kalakamra at gmail.com (shaina a)
Date: Thu, 28 Feb 2008 03:59:36 +0530
Subject: [Urbanstudy] Announcement: Pad.ma video archive preview | Today
Message-ID: <33eee40c0802271429g4af3124fsce9defd0a737238c@mail.gmail.com>
Dear all, You are invited to:
A Preview of PAD.MA :
the public access digital media archive.
Thursday, 28th february 2008
6:00pm
Jnanapravaha,
3rd floor, Queen's Mansion,
(Opposite Gallery Chemould)
G.Talwatkar Marg,
Fort, Mumbai-1.
For directions, see:
http://camputer.org/images/jnanaMap.jpg
6:00 pm.
Introductions, and the Collaborative Project: Shaina Anand, Ashok Sukumaran.
The Dominant, the Residual and the Emergent in the Imagination of the
Archive: Lawrence Liang.
Lost/Found/made Public, Images to Narratives: Madhusree Dutta.
Introduction to a True History of Digital Video: Sebastian Luetgert,
and Unveiling of pad.ma website with Jan Gerber. 30 mins.
7:30 pm. Interval: Browse through the archive over tea and snacks.
Followed by presentations on:
Legal framework: Namita Malhotra
Practical FAQs, and on how you can contribute: Sanjay Bhangar
Q and A session, moderated by Bishakha Dutta.
Pad.ma is an online archive of densely annotated video material,primarily
footage and not finished films. The entire collection is text-searchable and
viewable online, and is free to download for non-
commercial use.
We see Pad.ma as a way of opening up a set of images, intentions and
effects present in video footage, resources that conventions of
video-making, editing and spectatorship have tended to suppress, or leave
behind. This expanded treatment then points to other, political potentials
for such material, and leads us into lesser-known territory for video-based
practices... beyond the finite documentary film or the video clip on
youtube.
The design of the archive makes possible various types of "viewing", and
contextualisation: from an overview of themes and timelines to much closer
readings of transcribed dialogue and geographical
locations, to layers of "writing" on top of the image material.
Descriptions, keywords and other annotations have been placed on timelines
by both archive contributors and users. At the moment,
Pad.ma has approximately 150 "events" on video, mostly from
Mumbai and Bangalore. This adds up to about 100 hours of fully transcribed
video footage, which we expect to grow to more than 400 hours by early 2009.
The PAD.MA project is initiated by a group consisting
of oil21.org
from Berlin, the Alternative Law Forum from
Bangalore, and three organisations from Mumbai:
Majlis,
Point of View and chitrakarkhana.net
/CAMP.
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From geetanjoy at isec.ac.in Thu Feb 28 11:54:04 2008
From: geetanjoy at isec.ac.in (geetanjoy at isec.ac.in)
Date: Thu, 28 Feb 2008 11:54:04 +0530 (IST)
Subject: [Urbanstudy] Fwd: Talk on Struggle of Workers against Hindustan
Lever Limited in Kodaikanal
Message-ID: <47904.203.200.22.246.1204179844.squirrel@www.isec.ac.in>
---------------------------- Original Message ----------------------------
Subject: Fwd: Talk on Struggle of Workers against Hindustan Lever Limited
in Kodaikanal
From: divya at isec.ac.in
Date: Wed, February 27, 2008 11:05 am
To: ramana at isec.ac.in
etheophilius at gmail.com
geetanjoy at isec.ac.in
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
fyi
---------- Forwarded message ----------
From: Arpita Joshi
Date: 27 Feb 2008 10:58
Subject: Fwd: Talk on Struggle of Workers against Hindustan Lever Limited in
Kodaikanal
To: Divya Badami
Dear All,
Please join us this Friday, February 29 for a talk by Rupesh Kumar,
Environmental and labour Activist, Volunteer, Campaign for Justice in Bhopal
who will speak on the situation in Kodaikkanal due to the pollution by
Hindustan Lever, as well as the struggle of the Ponds' Hindustan Lever
Limited ex- mercury employees' welfare Association and its supporters.
The struggle of the workers and their supporters is to ascertain rights both
for the workers and to hold the company accountable for the environmental
pollution. March 7th is seen as the day to signify the struggle against HLL
in Kodaikkanal. This session is an introduction to the issues leading to the
protest in solidarity of the workers in Bangalore on the 7th.
>
>
Time: 5:30 pm
Venue: (Old) ALF office, 122/4 Infantry Road, Opposite Infantry Wedding
House, Bangalore 560001
If you need directions to ALF's old office please call us at 22356845 or
22865757
Best
Maitreyi
- --
- ----
Words are things; and a small drop of ink
Falling like dew upon a thought,
produces that which makes thousands,
perhaps millions, think.
~ Lord Byron, poet (1788-1824)
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From elkamath at yahoo.com Thu Feb 28 13:01:38 2008
From: elkamath at yahoo.com (lalitha kamath)
Date: Wed, 27 Feb 2008 23:31:38 -0800 (PST)
Subject: [Urbanstudy] the urban evangelists by sugata srinivasaraju
Message-ID: <722964.52317.qm@web53606.mail.re2.yahoo.com>
http://www.outlookindia.com/full.asp?fodname=20080226&fname=sugata&sid=1
Web|
Feb 26, 2008
Bangalore Byte
Urban Evangelists
Are they really "converting" men at key places? Is it a real threat that they may "takeover" Bangalore? Who are they? What language do they speak? What do they do? Where did they come from?
SUGATA SRINIVASARAJU
The conversation
post-lunch, the other day, veered around how 'urban evangelists' were
trying to
"takeover" Bangalore. I offered a small correction by saying that they
have repeatedly tried to
"takeover" the city since circa 2000 AD, but have somewhat failed. A
friend at the table cautioned me not to be so optimistic after all. The
way things are moving,
he said, they may actually be in-charge in the near future. They are
converting men at key places, he warned. It is not important to know
how we went about sticking to our positions in the debate, as much as
to profile the ones we had, with incredible ease, labelled as 'urban
evangelists'.
So who are these urban evangelists? What language do they speak? What
do they do? Where did they come from? The answers to these questions
cannot be precise, but let's hazard a rough construction of their
persona. These are people who have a very clinical and
economically-viable, but acultural and ahistorical idea of an urban
space. For them the city should naturally homogenise, individualise and
universalise itself. Essentially, the city for them is
a place where you work. And every infrastructure you build should help
you to work more and earn more. So you need big airports, metro rail,
malls, expressways etc. This idea is so much different from living and
living well.
These urban evangelists
are an established creed abroad and are fast spreading across India.
But it is important to understand them in the context of Bangalore
because they have been delivering doomsday messages about the imminent
collapse of the city's 'infrastructure' on national television, on
frontpages of friendly English newspapers, at five-star seminar halls
and even at Page 3 parties. Their voice has now reached a shrill pitch
because the road that leads to the new airport at Devanahalli, is not
exactly clutter-free. Earlier they had raised an alarm when the roads
to the Electronic City and the software parks were narrow and bouncy.
Bangalore has crossed their earlier date of doom, but then there is a
new date to grapple
with: March 30 is the day when the new international airport near
Devanahalli will be inaugurated. Airplanes will land and take off, but
will people be able to catch the flights is the panic question that
these evangelists have spread in the city.
Their presumably
well-intentioned panic comes with an impractical solution. They have
been arguing for keeping the old airport
as well, though it is in the diagonally opposite direction. They don't
mind reneging the contract that the government has entered
into with the European consortium building the new airport to shutdown
the old one. They have also been cribbing about the pre-determined user
fees that the new airport would be charging for both domestic and
international passengers. These arguments are puzzling, given the fact
that
they come from those who otherwise support the PPP-schemes (the new
airport is one); press for sound revenue models and swear by the
sanctity of a contract. Expanding the scope of their arguments, they
have also raised technical issues related to the ability of the new
airport to handle growing traffic with just one runway.
The blogs with a focus
on the city, as usual, have picked up these arguments and asked one
consuming question:
Why didn't these people, who are known to have a futuristic pair of
eyes, raise these arguments earlier? Has one of those ancient,
despicable Indian ailments affected these people too, who not long ago
were fresh, dreamy-eyed 'returnees' from prosperous Western
cities? The other rather exaggerated suspicion on blogs is that these
people may be taking up the cause of those who 'inhabit' the
Electronics City and the international tech park in Whitefield,
situated
far away from the new airport.In essence, it is made out to be a battle
between South Bangalore, with a predominantly IT crowd (Jayanagar,
Koramangala, BTM Layout, J.P. Nagar, Sarjapura) and North Bangalore,
where the new airport is located.
The government has no
doubt woken up late to clear the clutter on the roads that lead to the
new airport. But, the commissioner of the city's municipal corporation,
Dr. S. Subramanya, has come up with innovative ideas like 'magic box'
underpasses and overpasses that can be installed in less than a month's
time and at less than ten per cent of the traditional costs. When was
the last time you heard a government servant thinking lateral and
taking a risk? Instead of fine-tuning these ideas and offering
constructive support, why are the 'evangelists' throwing the whole
thing out of gear? Is it primarily because they shoot with borrowed
expertise?
Perhaps, the 'doubt' about 'urban evangelists' on the blogs would have
been less had they even occasionally spoken about the crowded central
bus-stand, where ordinary citizens fear being run over by speeding
buses; the approach road to the railway station; the congestion on
Balepet, Tharugpet, Fort Area, City Market, Magadi Road and Avenue
Road. Perhaps they never use the bus-stand or the railway station and
their cars never cross the areas mentioned above, but that too is
Bangalore. Not the outskirts, but the nerve-centre. They would surely
agree that building Bangalore's infrastructure is not simply about
building elevated roads, ring roads and six-lane expressways. They may,
for all we know, be concerned about all these issues, but in the public
eye they are never associated with these concerns and
this perception does not augur well for them.
I recently drove down to
the site of the new airport and the one thing that surprised me was the
number of houses, government buildings, farms, small factories,
roadside automobile workshops, petty shops etc. that have been ripped
and nudged out by earth-moving equipment to build the six-lane
expressway to the new airport. The exposed bedrooms and bathrooms of
what were once homes seemed to be eagerly waiting to tease the first
riders to the airport on March 30. For a moment, I wondered if a bombed
road in Bush's 'shock and awe' Iraq would have a similar eerie feel. It
is enormously difficult to build homes and livelihoods, but why have
these displaced people never become news in our city? Where have they
gone? Something similar will soon happen with the route being carved
out for the Metro rail. Development has always posed difficult
questions and here again they were lining up to haunt. Should or
shouldn't the 'evangelists' weave these people into their power-point
presentations?
Does this serious
problem of inclusion arise because these 'evangelists' think they are
not shackled by 'ideology' and are 'apolitical,' except of course
when it comes to advising governments that can converse with them in
English. But can simple utilitarian pragmatism create the inclusiveness
that today's India badly
needs, not just between the rural and the urban, but also to bridge the
growing fissures within our
cities?
____________________________________________________________________________________
Be a better friend, newshound, and
know-it-all with Yahoo! Mobile. Try it now. http://mobile.yahoo.com/;_ylt=Ahu06i62sR8HDtDypao8Wcj9tAcJ
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From sharan at sarai.net Fri Feb 29 11:27:04 2008
From: sharan at sarai.net (sharan at sarai.net)
Date: Fri, 29 Feb 2008 11:27:04 +0530
Subject: [Urbanstudy] the urban evangelists by sugata srinivasaraju
In-Reply-To: <722964.52317.qm@web53606.mail.re2.yahoo.com>
References: <722964.52317.qm@web53606.mail.re2.yahoo.com>
Message-ID: <66a86f0e3dc1db010cf822b75e501584@sarai.net>
Hi,
Urban evangelists are no less those who would resist such change in the
name of 'public purpose', who too come up with their own ideas about what
'improvement' should mean and how a city ought to be shaped; what
activities are permissible and what ought to move to the margins etc..
Maybe 'urban boosters' is a more appropriate phrase for the coalitions of
persons lobbying to produce a 'clutter-free Bangalore'.
Cheers,
Dipu
From yanivbin at gmail.com Fri Feb 29 17:54:02 2008
From: yanivbin at gmail.com (Vinay Baindur)
Date: Fri, 29 Feb 2008 17:54:02 +0530
Subject: [Urbanstudy] Boxed-in survey
Message-ID: <86b8a7050802290424h626ab214i33bf57fe490e90f2@mail.gmail.com>
*Boxed-in survey*
Partha Mukhopadhyay
Posted online: Thursday , February 28, 2008 at 2322 hrs
**What is one to make of an economic survey that has radical policy
prescriptions neatly outlined in a box (2.2 to be precise), none of which
find any mention in the text? Are such reforms then truly orphaned? A survey
which argues for "checking the proliferation of SEZs" while extolling them
in another Box (6.7). Is the finance ministry boxed-in on its position on
SEZs, like many others mentioned in the survey?
There are many other such conundrums. In discussing urbanisation, it refers
approvingly to the role of SEZs but also reiterates the government's
responsibility to "carry out detailed land use planning" in urban areas. At
a time when states like Gujarat and West Bengal are taking away local
democratic rights in SEZs and transferring municipal functions to cabals of
developers and bureaucrats, this is almost touching. On JNNURM, the flagship
urban programme, it ignores governance. Focusing on projects, it notes that
"efforts are made to ensure public-private participation (PPP) in the areas
where it is feasible", even when PPP is almost non-existent in the 200 odd
projects sanctioned till date.* The most novel is its articulation of
infrastructure as a public good in rural areas, but as a private good in
cities.*
Notwithstanding such delightful puzzles, this survey has some distinctly
positive features and provides much food for thought. For one, it brings the
regional and state-wise variations across India to the fore, along with the
corollary that greater decentralisation and a shift from "financial
monitoring to output and outcome monitoring" would be needed to improve
service outcomes. In making this transition, it acknowledges binding
constraints on "bureaucratic capacities" to deliver neglected "public and
quasi-public goods" in sufficient quantity and with adequate quality. It
notes the need to revamp the accounting system to remove the bias against
maintenance and help expenditure tracking at the scheme level. Here, the
government could help by releasing the actual expenditure on each scheme in
its Budget document, instead of just revised estimates. All this signals a
refreshing recognition of the continuing relevance of the State and the need
to improve its human resources and systems.
But much of the survey is disturbing. When one reads that "export growth
[not a typo] in 2006-07 was driven mainly by petroleum products", a more
detailed look is necessary. Net exports of non-oil products, which used to
be positive until recently, have been dipping dangerously, with textiles
leading the fall. This is not because of the Chinese yuan, which the survey
points out has appreciated more than the rupee since March 2005. Besides, it
notes that the RBI has sterilised much of our inflows, incurring a cost of
over $2 billion. Given surging imports, our current account imbalance has
been kept manageable by "invisible" forces, inflows now amounting to over 6%
of GDP, about whose antecedents even the RBI seems to know little. While
there is reason for cheer on state finances—where compensation claims for
Vat have fallen and there is an overall revenue surplus, though with
inter-state variations—the Central picture is not as rosy. Low rates have
kept the interest burden under control, but this could change just as the
Sixth Pay Commission award is due.
Finally, our stock market has the highest P/E and capitalisation-to-GDP
ratios in Asia, which could be interpreted either way. But the most
disturbing is the survey's approach to infrastructure, which is identified
as a key deficiency. It recognises that "each segment in the physical
infrastructure sector has its own specificities" but schizophrenically
continues to be boxed into "standardized contractual documents" as a core
strategy. In addition to this is an almost Freudian association of PPP with
commercial viability, rather than service improvement. This shortsightedness
leads it to privilege revenue from negative subsidy bids over better
service, and allows Rs 10,000 crore to sit idly in a fund meant to subsidise
rural telecom, while exploring user fee models to bridge the digital divide.
There is a role for government beyond redistributing taxes. This survey
points to a belated realisation of this fact, but in thinking about that
role, the government appears—you got it—boxed-in. Hopefully, it will soon
think, as the PM often wishes, out of the box.
*The author is senior research fellow at Centre for Policy Research, New
Delhi. These are his personal views
http://www.financialexpress.com/news/Boxed-in-survey/278267/
*
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